Background: The nasal cannula is widely regarded as a safe and effective means of administering low- and high-flow oxygen to patients irrespective of their age. However, variability in delivered oxygen concentration (F F ) via nasal cannula has the potential to pose health risks. The present study aimed to evaluate predictive equations for F over a large parameter space, including variation in breathing, oxygen flow, and upper-airway geometry representative of both young children and adults.
Methods: Realistic nasal airway geometries were previously collected from medical scans of adults, infants, and neonates. Nasal airway replicas based on these geometries were used to measure the F for low-flow oxygen delivery during simulated spontaneous breathing. The present study extends previously published data sets to include higher oxygen flows. The extended data sets included nasal cannula oxygen flows that ranged from 6 to 65 L/min for the adult replicas, and from 0.5 to 6 L/min for the infant replicas. For both age groups, F was measured over a range of breathing frequencies, inspiratory to expiratory time ratios, and tidal volumes. Measured F values were compared with values predicted by using a previously derived flow-weighted equation.
Results: For both age groups, F was observed to increase nonlinearly with the ratio between oxygen flow supplied to the nasal cannula and the average inhalation flow. The previously derived flow-weighted equation over-predicted F at higher oxygen flows. A new empirical equation, therefore, was proposed to predict F for either age group as a function of nasal cannula flow, tidal volume, and inspiratory time. Predicted F values matched measured values, with average relative errors of 2.4% for infants and 4.3% for adults.
Conclusions: A new predictive equation for F was obtained that accurately matched measured data in both adult and infant airway replicas for low- and high-flow regimens.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11108111 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.4187/respcare.11438 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Feasibility of robot-assisted system for navigated needle positioning in the PCNL procedure in vitro.
World J Urol
January 2025
Department of Urology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 102208, China.
Purpose: The objective of this study was to explore the feasibility of using the TianJi Robot system for navigated needle positioning in the PCNL procedure in vitro.
Methods: A pig kidney with a segment of ureter was selected as the in vitro organ model. Iodine contrast agent was infused into the renal pelvis to dilate the renal pelvis and calyx to establish the in vitro hydronephrosis model.
Successful heart transplantation after 4 years of bridging with HeartWare HVAD for left ventricular noncompaction in an 11-year-old boy with prohibitively high pulmonary vascular resistance.
Ann Pediatr Cardiol
December 2024
Department of Cardiac Sciences, Institute of Heart and Lung Transplantation and Mechanical Circulatory Support, MGM Healthcare, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
End-stage heart failure due to left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) poses unique challenges for ventricular assist device implantation, like inflow cannula obstruction due to trabeculations. We report a case of an 11-year-old boy with LVNC who underwent successful HeartWare implantation as a bridge to transplant for high pulmonary vascular resistance and had successful heart transplantation after 4 years of HeartWare support.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTranscatheter Aspiration of Tricuspid Vegetation.
JACC Case Rep
December 2024
Jesselson Integrated Heart Center, The Eisenberg R&D Authority, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
Objective: This study sought to present the endovascular approach of transcatheter aspiration using the FlowTriever (Inari Medical) aspiration system for high surgical risk patients with right-sided infective endocarditis.
Key Steps: General anesthesia and transesophageal echocardiogram guidance; ultrasonography-guided femoral vein access, preclosure sutures, and insertion of a 24-F sheath; insertion of straight 24-F aspiration cannula over a stiff wire, parked in the superior vena cava; introduction of a 20-F curved cannula inside the 24-F cannula to create a telescopic assembly; accurate positioning using the right ventricle inflow/outflow projection in biplane mode; adjustment of the curved cannula radius by sliding the inner cannula in and out inside the mother cannula; manual aspiration of the vegetation; Postaspiration transesophageal echocardiogram assessment.
Potential Pitfalls: Avoid leaflet and annular injury and account for potential embolization.
Percutaneous Transcatheter Aspiration of a Large Left Atrial Mass.
JACC Case Rep
December 2024
Division of Cardiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
An 85-year-old woman with atrial fibrillation was found to have a large 4.5- × 3.5-cm left atrial mass.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFManagement of Severe Subcutaneous Emphysema With a Subcutaneous Cannula: A Life-Saving Approach.
Cureus
December 2024
Division of Respiratory Medicine, Universiti Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, MYS.
Subcutaneous emphysema is a well-known complication of chest tube insertion that can become life-threatening. Severe cases often progress rapidly, necessitating prompt intervention to prevent complications such as airway obstruction and respiratory failure. We report the case of a 57-year-old man who developed extensive subcutaneous emphysema following chest tube insertion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!