Sodium glucose cotransporter inhibitors may increase beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) in insulin-requiring patients. We determined factors associated with BHB changes from baseline (ΔBHB) and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) receiving sotagliflozin as an insulin adjunct. This post hoc analysis compared ΔBHB levels in adults with T1D receiving sotagliflozin 400 mg or placebo for 6 months. We evaluated clinical and metabolic factors associated with ΔBHB and used logistic regression models to determine predictors associated with BHB values >0.6 and >1.5 mmol/L (inTandem3 population; = 1402) or with DKA events in a pooled analysis (inTandem1-3; = 2453). From baseline (median, 0.13 mmol/L), median fasting BHB increased by 0.04 mmol/L (95% confidence interval, 0.03-0.05; < 0.001) at 24 weeks with sotagliflozin versus placebo; 67% of patients had no or minimal changes in BHB over time. Factors associated with on-treatment BHB >0.6 or >1.5 mmol/L included baseline BHB and sotagliflozin use. Age, insulin pump use, sotagliflozin use, baseline BHB, and ΔBHB were significantly associated with DKA episodes. Independent of treatment, DKA risk increased by 18% with each 0.1-mmol/L increase in baseline BHB and by 8% with each 0.1-mmol/L increase from baseline. Incremental increases in baseline BHB and ΔBHB were associated with a higher DKA risk independent of treatment. Adding sotagliflozin to insulin increased median BHB over 24 weeks in patients with T1D and was associated with increased DKA events. These results highlight the importance of BHB testing and monitoring and individualizing patient education on DKA risk, mitigation, identification, and treatment.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/dia.2023.0605 | DOI Listing |
Clin Nutr
January 2025
Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, 490 Illinois Street, Floor 8, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA; Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, 94945, USA. Electronic address:
Background: We investigated whether plasma β-hydroxybutyrate levels, a genetic risk score for Alzheimer's disease, and their interaction are associated with incident Alzheimer's disease.
Methods: Using data from the UK Biobank-a population-based cohort study of adults aged 40-69 years, we assessed associations between baseline plasma β-hydroxybutyrate level, genetic risk score for Alzheimer's disease, and incident Alzheimer's disease. Incident Alzheimer's disease data were collected through linked data from hospital admissions and death registries.
J Dairy Sci
February 2025
Department of Agriculture, Food, and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2P5. Electronic address:
Optimizing rumen development is key to preparing calves for weaning; however, it is unclear what effect rumen development has on calf health via ruminal infusion. This study investigated the effects of ruminal short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentrations and pH on hematology, gut morphology, and inflammation of liver and rumen tissues in dairy calves. Holstein calves (n = 32) had the rumen cannulated within the first week of life and at wk 2 were blocked by BW and randomly assigned in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Nutr
October 2024
Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Background: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a severe and pervasive mental disorder, and patients experience numerous distressing symptoms and impairments that significantly impact their lives. In addition to being a mental disorder, PTSD is strongly associated with a wide range of metabolic abnormalities that affect the entire body. Existing treatment options of psychotherapy and medications are often ineffective.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAppl Physiol Nutr Metab
January 2025
Faculty of Education, University of Macau, Macao, China.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel)
August 2024
Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA.
Ketone bodies are considered alternative fuels for the brain when glucose availability is limited. To determine the neuroregenerative potential of D,L-sodium-beta-hydroxybutyrate (D/L-BHB), Sprague Dawley rat primary cortical neurons were exposed to simulated central nervous system injury using a scratch assay. The neuronal cell migration, cell density and degree of regeneration in the damaged areas (gaps) in the absence (control) and presence of BHB (2 mM) were documented with automated live-cell imaging by the CytoSMART system over 24 h, which was followed by immunocytochemistry, labeling synapsin-I and β3-tubulin.
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