Introduction: It has recently been reported that it is possible to monitor lung oxygenation (rSOL) by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Thus, our aim was to assess the possibility of monitoring rSOL in infants with evolving and established bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and to evaluate if rSOL correlates with BPD severity and other oxygenation indices.
Methods: We studied 40 preterm infants with gestational age ≤30 weeks at risk for BPD. Patients were continuously studied for 2 h by NIRS at 28 ± 7 days of life and 36 weeks ± 7 days of postmenstrual age.
Results: rSOL was similar at the first and second NIRS recordings (71.8 ± 7.2 vs. 71.4 ± 4.2%) in the overall population, but it was higher in infants with mild than in those with moderate-to-severe BPD at both the first (73.3 ± 3.1 vs. 71.2 ± 3.2%, p = .042) and second (72.3 ± 2.8 vs. 70.5 ± 2.8, p = .049) NIRS recording. A rSOL cutoff value of 71.6% in the first recording was associated with a risk for moderate-to-severe BPD with a sensitivity of 66% and a specificity of 60%. Linear regression analysis demonstrated a significant positive relationship between rSOL and SpO/FiO ratio (p = .013) and a/APO (p = .004).
Conclusions: Monitoring of rSOL by NIRS in preterm infants with evolving and established BPD is feasible and safe. rSOL was found to be higher in infants with mild BPD, and predicts the risk for developing moderate-to-severe BPD and correlates with other indices of oxygenation.
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