The rapid advancements in optical communication technologies have highlighted traditional optical components' limitations, particularly in size, adaptability, and integration capabilities, underscoring the need for more compact and versatile solutions. Metalenses offer a promising pathway to address these challenges, with their ability to provide high-functionality, miniaturized optical components. We developed a varifocal metalens with a polarization separation function designed for the wavelength of 1550 nm for potential application for next-generation communication technologies. To integrate the varifocal and polarization separation functions, polarization-dependent phase profiles for an off-axis Alvarez lens were derived and encoded by amorphous silicon pillar meta-atoms with rectangular cross sections to provide independent 0-2π phase delays for both orthogonal linear polarization components. The fabricated metalens achieved a varifocal range of 0.75 mm to 10.65 mm and a polarization extinction ratio of 18.5 dB.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.516853 | DOI Listing |
Mol Biol Rep
January 2025
Department of Pharmaceutical Control, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa's inherent and adapted resistance makes this pathogen a serious problem for antimicrobial treatments. Furthermore, its biofilm formation ability is the most critical armor against antimicrobial therapy, and the virulence factors, on the other hand, contribute to fatal infection and other recalcitrant phenotypic characteristics. These capabilities are harmonized through cell-cell communication called Quorum Sensing (QS), which results in gene expression regulation via three major interconnected circuits: las, rhl, and pqs system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEJNMMI Phys
January 2025
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China.
Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), a technique capable of capturing functional and molecular information, has been widely adopted in theranostics applications across various fields, including cardiology, neurology, and oncology. The spatial resolution of SPECT imaging is relatively poor, which poses a significant limitation, especially the visualization of small lesions. The main factors affecting the limited spatial resolution of SPECT include projection sampling techniques, hardware and software.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHealth Technol Assess
January 2025
School of Medicine, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, UK.
Background: For people receiving haemodialysis, a balance has to be struck between removing sufficient but not too much fluid during a treatment session and maintaining any remaining kidney function they might have. In the BISTRO trial, this study sought to establish if getting the balance right might be improved by the additional use of bioimpedance, a device that measures body fluid composition to help decide how much fluid to remove during dialysis. Designing and executing this trial, which incorporated complex and repeated trial procedures that would be dependent on participant engagement, presented challenges that demanded effective public and patient involvement.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Toxicol
January 2025
Founding Board Member of Young TPI, The Hague, Netherlands.
Strategies emphasizing animal-free innovation are imperative for the contemporary and future scientific research. They not only address important ethical concerns, but also should directly improve research accuracy and reliability through redirecting scientific inquiry toward more reliable and translatable methodologies. Promotion and encouragement for use of animal-free innovations among the next-generation of scientists, alongside knowledge acquisition and training in the increased capabilities of novel technologies, are fundamental for advancing science and the welfare of animals used for scientific purposes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBull World Health Organ
February 2025
Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore.
Objective: To evaluate the adoption, effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of digital health interventions for rheumatic disease management.
Methods: Between 25 May 2024 and 2 June 2024, we systematically searched PubMed®, Scopus, ClinicalTrials.gov, the Global Observatory for eHealth and the World Bank Open Knowledge Repository for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating digital health interventions for rheumatic disease management.
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