Impact of Applied Behavior Analysis on Autistic Children Target Behaviors: A Replication Using Repeated Measures.

Introduction: Applied behavior analysis (ABA) is a primary evidence-based practice in treating autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Ongoing research is needed to report the results of ABA relative to attaining target behaviors. This study aims to replicate the results of previous research to determine the effectiveness of ABA of target behaviors in autistic children with a new timepoint sample of data.  Materials & methods: A repeated measures analysis tracked 98 autistic children, which included four adult participants, over three timepoints during a one-month snapshot period from 6/7/23 to 7/7/23. This study used a retrospective chart review to gather data on target behaviors to determine the effectiveness of ABA treatments across age categories. A mixed (between x within) analysis of variance (ANOVA) and subsequent post hoc and interaction contrasts were used to determine statistical significance.

Results: Mixed (between x within) ANOVA indicated statistical significance (sphericity assumed), F(2,160) = 32.893, and p < 0.05, across time. Using bootstrapped paired t-tests, multiple comparisons indicated p < 0.001 on all three multiple comparisons, with Bonferroni corrected α = 0.017. There was also a non-significant interaction effect (sphericity assumed) with (time) x (age category), F(8,160) = 0.333, p = 0.952, likely due to sizeable within-group variation resulting in a lowered statistical power.  Conclusions: This replication found that autistic children receiving the ABA intervention demonstrated statistically significant improvement in target behaviors over the one-month snapshot period.