Background: Health inequalities have been associated with shorter lifespans. We aimed to investigate subnational geographical inequalities in all-cause years of life lost (YLLs) and the association between YLLs and socioeconomic factors, such as household income, risk of poverty, and educational attainment, in countries within the European Economic Area (EEA) before the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: In this ecological study, we extracted demographic and socioeconomic data from Eurostat for 1390 small regions and 285 basic regions for 32 countries in the EEA, which was complemented by a time-trend analysis of subnational regions within the EEA. Age-standardised YLL rates per 100 000 population were estimated from 2009 to 2019 based on methods from the Global Burden of Disease study. Geographical inequalities were assessed using the Gini coefficient and slope index of inequality. Socioeconomic inequalities were assessed by investigating the association between socioeconomic factors (educational attainment, household income, and risk of poverty) and YLLs in 2019 using negative binomial mixed models.
Findings: Between Jan 1, 2009, and Dec 31, 2019, YLLs lowered in almost all subnational regions. The Gini coefficient of YLLs across all EEA regions was 14·2% (95% CI 13·6-14·8) for females and 17·0% (16·3 to 17·7) for males. Relative geographical inequalities in YLLs among women were highest in the UK (Gini coefficient 11·2% [95% CI 10·1-12·3]) and among men were highest in Belgium (10·8% [9·3-12·2]). The highest YLLs were observed in subnational regions with the lowest levels of educational attainment (incident rate ratio [IRR] 1·19 [1·13-1·26] for females; 1·22 [1·16-1·28] for males), household income (1·35 [95% CI 1·19-1·53]), and the highest poverty risk (1·25 [1·18-1·34]).
Interpretation: Differences in YLLs remain within, and between, EEA countries and are associated with socioeconomic factors. This evidence can assist stakeholders in addressing health inequities to improve overall disease burden within the EEA.
Funding: Research Council of Norway; Development, and Innovation Fund of Hungary; Norwegian Institute of Public Medicine; and COST Action 18218 European Burden of Disease Network.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(24)00004-5 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Flavored E-Cigarette Sales Restrictions and Young Adult Tobacco Use.
JAMA Health Forum
December 2024
Department of Health Policy and Management, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut.
Importance: More than one-quarter of US residents live in states or localities that restrict sales of flavored electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), often as a means to reduce youth vaping. Yet, how these policies affect young adult vaping and smoking remains unclear.
Objective: To estimate the effects of ENDS flavor restrictions on ENDS use and cigarette smoking among young adults (age 18-29 years) in the US.
Infection Rate and Risk Factors of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Retail Workers at the Onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic, Quebec, Canada.
Infect Dis Rep
December 2024
Infectious Diseases Research Center of Laval University, CHU de Québec-Université Laval (CHUL Hospital), Quebec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada.
During the pandemic, client-facing workers were perceived to be at greater risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study investigated the risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection among a cohort of 304 retail workers in the Quebec City metropolitan area. After providing consent, participants were interviewed to gather information on demographic, socioeconomic, behavioural, and occupational variables.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomimetic Proteoglycans for Intervertebral Disc (IVD) Regeneration.
Biomimetics (Basel)
November 2024
Spine Service & Spine Labs, St George & Sutherland School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kogarah, NSW 2217, Australia.
Intervertebral disc degeneration, which leads to low back pain, is the most prevalent musculoskeletal condition worldwide, significantly impairing quality of life and imposing substantial socioeconomic burdens on affected individuals. A major impediment to the development of any prospective cell-driven recovery of functional properties in degenerate IVDs is the diminishing IVD cell numbers and viability with ageing which cannot sustain such a recovery process. However, if IVD proteoglycan levels, a major functional component, can be replenished through an orthobiological process which does not rely on cellular or nutritional input, then this may be an effective strategy for the re-attainment of IVD mechanical properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVulnerability in Colorectal Cancer: Adjusted Gross Income and Geography as Factors in Determining Overall Survival in Colorectal Cancer: A Single-Center Study Across a Broad Income Inequality in an American Context.
Curr Oncol
December 2024
College of Science and Mathematics, Rowan University, 201 Mullica Hill Road, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA.
: Regional differences in socioeconomic status (SES) are well known, and we believe that the use of geocoding (zip code) can facilitate the introduction of targeted interventions for underserved populations. This is a single-center, retrospective analysis of data extracted from the cancer registry at the Capital Health Cancer Center in Pennington, N. The Capital Health Cancer Center in central New Jersey primarily serves two counties, catering to a diverse patient population from a wide range of socioeconomic backgrounds.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCorrelation analysis of the impact of juvenile on gut microbiota and transcriptome in mice.
Microbiol Spectr
December 2024
Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
Unlabelled: remains a non-negligible global zoonosis, imposing serious socio-economic burdens in endemic regions. The interplay between gut microbiota and the host transcriptome is crucial for maintaining health; however, the impact of juvenile infection on these factors is still poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate their relationship and potential pathogenic mechanisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!