Acute myeloid leukemia is the most common form of leukemia and can present with a wide variety of signs and symptoms. This article presents a case of a middle-aged male who presented with ongoing upper respiratory cold-like symptoms and was then found to be severely pancytopenic. A diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia was made after a bone marrow biopsy, and the patient underwent induction chemotherapy. This article brings to light the uncommon diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia, from a common presentation, a common cold. Additionally, it discusses the initial workup and diagnostic process of acute myeloid leukemia, risk stratification, and a basic treatment algorithm.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.53217 | DOI Listing |
BMC Cancer
January 2025
The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi Children's Hospital, Wuxi, 214023, China.
Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive hematological neoplasm. Little improvement in survival rates has been achieved over the past few decades. Necroptosis has relationship with certain types of malignancies outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLeukemia
January 2025
The Clara D. Bloomfield Center for Leukemia Outcomes Research, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
The FLT3 gene frequently undergoes mutations in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), with internal tandem duplications (ITD) and tyrosine kinase domain (TKD) point mutations (PMs) being most common. Recently, PMs and deletions in the FLT3 juxtamembrane domain (JMD) have been identified, but their biological and clinical significance remains poorly understood. We analyzed 1660 patients with de novo AML and found FLT3-JMD mutations, mostly PMs, in 2% of the patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) featuring retinoic acid receptor-gamma (RARG) rearrangements exhibits morphological features resembling those of acute promyelocytic leukemia but is associated with drug resistance and poor clinical outcomes. However, the mechanisms underlying the role of RARG fusions in leukemogenesis remain elusive. Here, we show that RARG fusions disrupt myeloid differentiation and promote proliferation and self-renewal of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) by upregulating BCL2 and ATF3.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
January 2025
National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with retinoic acid receptor gamma (RARG) fusions, which exhibits clinical features resembling acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), has been identified as a new subtype with poor clinical outcomes. The underlying mechanism of RARG-fusion leukemia remains poorly understood, and needs to be explored urgently to instruct developing effective therapeutic strategies. Here, using the most prevalent RARG fusion, CPSF6-RARG (CR), as a representative, we reveal that the CR fusion, enhances the expansion of myeloid progenitors, impairs their maturation and synergizes with RAS mutations to drive more aggressive myeloid malignancies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCancer Lett
January 2025
Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology. Electronic address:
Therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia (t-AML), which develops after cytotoxic therapy, has a poorer prognosis. Although allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is a potential cure, its efficacy varies among patients. In this retrospective study, we analyzed 154 patients with t-AML who underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) at our institution to determine their clinical characteristics and develop a prognostic nomogram.
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