Effect of health education based on information-motivation-behavioral skills model on patients with unilateral vestibular dysfunction.

Background: Vestibular dysfunction (VH) is a common concomitant symptom of late peripheral vestibular lesions, which can be trauma, poisoning, infection, heredity, and neurodegeneration, but about 50% of the causes are unknown. The study uses the information-motivation-behavioral skills (IMB) model for health education, effectively improve the quality of life, increase their self-confidence, reduce anxiety and depression, and effectively improve the psychological state of patients.

Aim: To explore the effect of health education based on the IMB model on the degree of vertigo, disability, anxiety and depression in patients with unilateral vestibular hypofunction.

Methods: The clinical data of 80 patients with unilateral vestibular hypofunction from January 2019 to December 2021 were selected as the retrospective research objects, and they were divided into the control group and the observation group with 40 cases in each group according to different nursing methods. Among them, the control group was given routine nursing health education and guidance, and the observation group was given health education and guidance based on the IMB model. The changes in self-efficacy, anxiety and depression, and quality of life of patients with unilateral VH were compared between the two groups.

Results: There was no significant difference in General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) scale scores between the two groups of patients before nursing ( > 0.05), which was comparable; after nursing, the GSES scale scores of the two groups were higher than those before nursing. The nursing group was higher than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the scores of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and anxiety and depression subscales between the two groups before nursing ( > 0.05). After nursing, the HADS score, anxiety, and depression subscale scores of the two groups of patients were lower than those before nursing, and the nursing group was lower than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( < 0.05). After nursing, the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) scale and DHI-P, DHI-E and DHI-F scores in the two groups were decreased, and the scores in the nursing group were lower than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( < 0.05).

Conclusion: Health education based on the IMB model can effectively improve patients' quality of life, increase self-efficacy of patients with unilateral vestibular hypofunction, enhance patients' confidence, enable patients to resume normal work and life as soon as possible, reduce patients' anxiety and depression, and effectively improve patients' psychological status.