This study evaluated 20 deaf adults' ability to understand connected discourse under two conditions: (a) lipreading alone (LA), and (b) lipreading plus electrical stimulation by a single-channel cochlear implant (LI). Performance was evaluated using the speech-tracking procedure, which required the deaf receiver to repeat verbatim textual material read by another individual. The reception of ongoing speech was measured in terms of the number of words repeated correctly per minute. The results revealed, on the average, a significantly higher tracking rate in the LI condition (28.6 wpm) than the LA condition (16.4 wpm). There was a significant learning effect across sessions for both conditions. Subjects who were previous hearing aid users achieved a significantly higher tracking rate in the LI condition than did subjects who had no previous experience with amplification. Significant subject differences were present as a function of condition. Sixteen of the 20 subjects achieved higher tracking rates in the LI than in the LA condition. However, 4 of these 16 subjects showed similar relative gains in both conditions and 3 showed a decrease in performance in the LA condition over time. The remaining 4 subjects showed nearly equivalent tracking rates in both conditions over time. The data suggest that the majority of subjects were able to learn to make use of the cues provided by electrical stimulation by a single-channel cochlear implant to enhance their lipreading skills, at least for highly redundant material in a communicative situation.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshr.2804.565 | DOI Listing |
Cureus
September 2024
Otology and Neurotology, Department of Otolaryngology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, USA.
William F. House (1923-2012) was an ear, nose, and throat specialist with a particular focus in otology and an inventor, with perhaps his greatest invention being the single-channel cochlear implant. Although heavily criticized at the beginning of his career for developing the single-channel cochlear implant, many individuals would soon benefit from the device that House created.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2024
Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53706.
During auditory transduction, sound-evoked vibrations of the hair cell stereociliary bundles open mechanotransducer (MET) ion channels via tip links extending from one stereocilium to its neighbor. How tension in the tip link is delivered to the channel is not fully understood. The MET channel comprises a pore-forming subunit, transmembrane channel-like protein (TMC1 or TMC2), aided by several accessory proteins, including LHFPL5 (lipoma HMGIC fusion partner-like 5).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHear Res
December 2023
The Bionics Institute, East Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia; Department of Surgery (Otolaryngology), University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia; Medical Bionics Department, University of Melbourne, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia. Electronic address:
For individuals with severe to profound hearing loss resulting from irreversibly damaged hair cells, cochlear implants can be used to restore hearing by delivering electrical stimulation directly to the spiral ganglion neurons. However, current spread lowers the spatial resolution of neural activation. Since light can be easily confined, optogenetics is a technique that has the potential to improve the precision of neural activation, whereby visible light is used to stimulate neurons that are modified with light-sensitive opsins.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTrends Hear
November 2023
Bio-Inspired Information Processing, Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany.
Long stimuli have lower detection thresholds or are perceived louder than short stimuli with the same intensity, an effect known as temporal loudness integration (TLI). In electric hearing, TLI for pulse trains with a fixed rate but varying number of pulses, i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain Stimul
November 2023
Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLab, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany; Göttingen Graduate Center for Neurosciences, Biophysic, and Molecular Biosciences, 37077, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Neurophysiology, MCTN, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167, Mannheim, Germany. Electronic address:
Cochlear implants (CIs) restore activity in the deafened auditory system via electrical stimulation of the auditory nerve. As the spread of electric current in biological tissues is rather broad, the spectral information provided by electrical CIs is limited. Optogenetic stimulation of the auditory nerve has been suggested for artificial sound coding with improved spectral selectivity, as light can be conveniently confined in space.
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