Prevalence of multidrug-resistant and extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing from local and broiler chickens at Cibinong market, West Java, Indonesia.

Background And Aim: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is becoming a public health concern. Foodborne pathogens are infectious agents that can be transmitted from animals to humans through food and can become resistant due to misuse and overuse of antibiotics, especially in poultry. This study aimed to detect the prevalence of multidrug-resistant and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing isolated from local and broiler chickens at the Cibinong market, West Java, Indonesia.

Materials And Methods: A total of 60 cloacal swab samples from 30 local and broiler chickens sold at the Cibinong market in West Java were obtained by random sampling. From these samples, 39 isolates were obtained after being cultured on eosin methylene blue agar and molecularly identified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Six antibiotic disks were used for the antibiotic sensitivity test against isolates cultured on Mueller-Hinton agar. PCR was performed to detect ESBL genes (TEM, SHV, and CTX-M).

Results: A total of 76.47% (39/51) cloacal swab samples were positive for . All isolates were sensitive to imipenem (100%), and 38 isolates were sensitive to cefoxitin (FOX) (97.4%). On average, the isolates were sensitive to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (AMC) (69.2%) and ceftriaxone (CRO) (89.7%). isolates were occasionally resistant to enrofloxacin (25.64%), followed by gentamicin (20.51%), CRO (10.25%), AMC (7.69%), and FOX (2.56%). The prevalence of AMR was 10.25% (4/39). All four multidrug-resistant isolates (TEM and CTX-M) were confirmed to have the ESBL gene based on PCR.

Conclusion: The prevalence of multidrug-resistant and ESBL-producing is still found, proving that there is still inappropriate use of antibiotics and a need for strict supervision of their use, especially around Cibinong market, West Java.