West Virginia, the only state entirely in Appalachia, is considered the epicenter of the opioid crisis. Children raised in families affected by opioid use disorder can develop their own substance use disorder later in life. The continuing opioid crisis coupled with social and health disparities suggest families in West Virginia are vulnerable to generational cycles of substance misuse. This qualitative study uses content analysis to present emergent themes discerned from participant interviews on the opioid epidemic and impacts of a restrictive opioid prescribing law in West Virginia. Participants in this study described how using opioids has impacted their lives, their family, and community. They recognized drug use was embedded along familial groups and influenced by significant others such as partners or peers. Parents described how children were a strong motivator for recovery and how they felt remorse for exposing their children to their drug use. This study highlights the importance of community engagement, parental support, and early identification of vulnerable young people to lessen the intergenerational continuance of substance use.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15332640.2024.2316650 | DOI Listing |
Resuscitation
January 2025
West Virginia University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Division of Prehospital Medicine.
Objective: The administration of amiodarone or lidocaine is recommended during the resuscitation of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients presenting with defibrillation-refractory or recurrent ventricular fibrillation or ventricular tachycardia. Our objective was to use 'target trial emulation' methodology to compare the outcomes of patients who received amiodarone or lidocaine during resuscitation.
Methods: Adult, non-traumatic OHCA patients in the ESO Data Collaborative 2018-2023 datasets who experienced OHCA prior to EMS arrival, presented with a shockable rhythm, and received amiodarone or lidocaine during resuscitation were evaluated for inclusion.
J Equine Vet Sci
January 2025
School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 175 West Campus Dr., Blacksburg, VA, USA, 24061. Electronic address:
Our objectives were to use a quantitative literature review to explore dietary and feed factors influencing apparent total-tract digestibility of dry matter (DMD), crude protein (CPD), neutral detergent fiber (NDFD), ether extract (EED), non-structural carbohydrates (NSCD), non-fiber carbohydrates (NFCD), and residual organic matter (rOMD) in equine diets, and to assess their contributions to digestible energy (DE) supplies. Data from 54 studies were modeled using linear mixed-effect regressions, with publication as a random effect to account for study variability. For each nutrient, five models were derived with explanatory variables including: dry matter intake (DMI; % BW/day) and DM (% as-fed), and dietary components (CP, organic matter, EE, NDF, acid detergent fiber, NSC, starch, and NFC as % of DM), and feed types (forage, non-forage fiber, legumes, cereal, and oil proportions).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFViruses
December 2024
Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
Treatment options for viral infections are limited and viruses have proven adept at evolving resistance to many existing therapies, highlighting a significant vulnerability in our defenses. In response to this challenge, we explored the modulation of cellular RNA metabolic processes as an alternative paradigm to antiviral development. Previously, the small molecule 5342191 was identified as a potent inhibitor of HIV-1 replication by altering viral RNA accumulation at doses that minimally affect host gene expression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmaceutics
January 2025
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University School of Pharmacy, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA.
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is selectively permeable, but it also poses significant challenges for treating CNS diseases. Low-intensity focused ultrasound (LiFUS), paired with microbubbles is a promising, non-invasive technique for transiently opening the BBB, allowing enhanced drug delivery to the central nervous system (CNS). However, the downstream physiological effects following BBB opening, particularly secondary responses, are not well understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenes (Basel)
January 2025
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
Background/objectives: The interphotoreceptor matrix proteoglycans 1 and 2 (IMPG1 and IMPG2) are two interdependent proteoglycans of the interphotoreceptor matrix (IPM). Mutations in IMPG1 or IMPG2 are linked to retinal diseases such as retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and vitelliform macular dystrophy (VMD), yet the specific mutations responsible for each condition remain undefined. This study identifies mutations in IMPG1 and IMPG2 linked to either RP or VMD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!