Gut microbiota can adapt to their host environment by rapidly acquiring new mutations. However, the dynamics of this process are difficult to characterize in dominant gut species in their complex in vivo environment. Here we show that the fine-scale dynamics of genome-wide transposon libraries can enable quantitative inferences of these in vivo evolutionary forces. By analyzing >400,000 lineages across four human Bacteroides strains in gnotobiotic mice, we observed positive selection on thousands of cryptic variants - most of which were unrelated to their original gene knockouts. The spectrum of fitness benefits varied between species, and displayed diverse tradeoffs over time and in different dietary conditions, enabling inferences of their underlying function. These results suggest that within-host adaptations arise from an intense competition between numerous contending variants, which can strongly influence their emergent evolutionary tradeoffs.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10881964 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-45792-0 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Synthetic Biology Approaches to Study Maize Signaling Pathways.
Cold Spring Harb Protoc
March 2025
Department of Biology, Whitman College, Walla Walla, Washington 99362, USA
Synthetic biology approaches merge the tenets of engineering with established biological techniques to answer fundamental questions about living systems and to engineer biological forms and functions. Following the engineering principle of design-build-test-iterate, this review serves as a guide to applying synthetic principles and approaches in maize. We outline strategies for (1) choosing the optimal model organism to serve as a heterologous chassis for maize signaling pathways, (2) designing and building biological parts and devices to express pathway components, (3) choosing an analytical technique to measure pathway function, and (4) optimizing and troubleshooting the designed system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAccess and use of general and mental health services before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
BMJ Open
March 2025
Institute of Public Health, Universita della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Ticino, Switzerland.
Objectives: To quantify access to health services during the COVID-19 pandemic and measure the change in use between the prepandemic and the pandemic periods in a population with assessment of psychological distress or diagnosis of mental disorders.
Data Sources: We developed and piloted a search syntax and adapted it to enter the following databases from 1 January 2020 to 31 March 2023: PubMed/MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Epistemonikos and the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform. We reran the searches from the end of the original search to 3 December 2024.
Modeling the impact of between-lot and within-lot variability in Listeria monocytogenes contamination on risk reduction from sampling ready-to-eat foods.
J Food Prot
March 2025
Human Foods Program, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 5001 Campus Drive, College Park, MD 20740 USA.
Microbiological sampling and testing are widely utilized in food safety risk management. We developed risk assessments to quantify the impact of various sampling plans on the risk of invasive listeriosis to consumers. We used the FDA-iRISK® tool and adapted available process, consumption, and dose response modules of published L.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFConstruction and application of coastal ecosystem model coupling multiple human activities.
Mar Pollut Bull
March 2025
Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266237, China; College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China. Electronic address:
The combined impact of multiple human activities is the primary driver of coastal ecosystem degradation, and comprehending its mechanisms is essential for developing adaptive management strategies. A coastal ecosystem model coupling multiple human activities, including runoff discharge, reclamation, mariculture, and atmospheric deposition, was developed using the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) coupled with the Carbon, Silicate, and Nitrogen Ecosystem (CoSiNE) model. The model performance was rigorously evaluated in the Bohai Sea as the study area.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCross-Cultural Adaptation and Translation of the Neck Dissection Impairment Index (NDII) into Spanish.
J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg
March 2025
Department of Otolaryngology, Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, FL, USA.
ImportanceSelective, modified radical, and radical neck dissections are common surgical procedures that can result in significant musculoskeletal issues of the neck and shoulder. Quality-of-life evaluations after neck dissection must assess and quantify these dysfunctions to allow subsequent comparison of outcomes after different treatments.ObjectiveThere is no validated Spanish-language questionnaire designed to evaluate neck and shoulder dysfunction after cervical lymphadenectomy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!