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Atypical social cognition processing in bulimia nervosa: an fMRI study of patients thinking of others' mental states. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • The study investigates how patients with bulimia nervosa (BN) process social information compared to healthy women, using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during the Reading Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET).
  • Results indicated no significant differences in social cognition abilities or brain activation patterns between BN patients and healthy women, though a trend of increased activation in certain brain areas was noted for BN.
  • Unlike healthy women, those with BN did not show a positive correlation between RMET performance and activation in critical brain regions associated with social cognition, suggesting impaired social cognitive function in the former group.

Article Abstract

Background: Feeding and eating disorders are severe mental disorders that gravely affect patients' lives. In particular, patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) or bulimia nervosa (BN) appear to have poor social cognition. Many studies have shown the relationship between poor social cognition and brain responses in AN. However, few studies have examined the relationship between social cognition and BN. Therefore, we examined which brain regions impact the ability for social cognition in patients with BN.

Methods: We used task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine brain responses during a social cognition task and the Reading Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET). During the fMRI, 22 women with BN and 22 healthy women (HW) took the RMET. Participants also completed the eating disorder clinical measures Bulimic Investigatory Test, Edinburgh (BITE) and Eating Disorders Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q), the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) measure of depression; and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) measure of anxiety.

Results: No difference was observed in the RMET scores between women with BN and HW. Both groups showed activation in brain regions specific to social cognition. During the task, no differences were shown between the groups in the BOLD signal (p < 0.05, familywise error corrected for multiple comparisons). However, there was a tendency of more robust activation in the right angular gyrus, ventral diencephalon, thalamus proper, temporal pole, and middle temporal gyrus in BN (p < 0.001, uncorrected for multiple comparisons). Moreover, HW showed a positive correlation between RMET scores and the activation of two regions: medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC); however, no significant correlation was observed in women with BN.

Conclusions: While activation in the mPFC and ACC positively correlated to the RMET scores in HW, no correlation was observed in BN patients. Therefore, women with BN might display modulated neural processing when thinking of others' mental states. Further examination is needed to investigate neural processing in BN patients to better understand their social cognition abilities.

Trial Registration: UMIN, UMIN000010220. Registered 13 March 2013, https://rctportal.niph.go.jp/s/detail/um?trial_id=UMIN000010220.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10880368PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13030-023-00297-yDOI Listing

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