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The process of memory semantization as the result of interactions between individual, collective, and social memories.
Cortex
November 2024
Neuropsychology and Imaging of Human Memory (NIMH) Research Unit, INSERM, U1077, EPHE, PSL University, University of Caen-Normandy, Caen, France.
The study of the links between episodic memory (memory of personal experiences) and semantic memory (memory of general knowledge about the world, others, and oneself) has played a significant role in psychology and neuroscience research for several decades. The way memories lose specificity and become semantized over time, and how these two major memory systems interact to represent the individual in the social world and allow to project themselves into the future, are particularly fascinating themes in understanding the mechanisms of autobiographical memory. Numerous studies rely on various memory pathologies, primarily amnesic syndromes but also other disorders where memory impairment is not the main symptom, such as autism spectrum disorders.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEarly Days in the Hunt Laboratory at UVA, 1969 to 1980.
Mol Cell Proteomics
December 2024
Saint Joseph's University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Arriving at the University of Virginia in the autumn of 1969, Donald Hunt began his 50+ year career in academics with the study of organometallic chemistry, on which he had done his PhD thesis work, and mass spectrometry, to which he was introduced while a postdoc in Klaus Biemann's laboratory at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. In the 1970s, Hunt's lab pioneered the use of negative chemical ionization (CI) to enhance sensitivity for studying organic molecules, developed a system for simultaneously obtaining positive and negative CI spectra to augment structure elucidation, and built a prototype triple quadrupole instrument so effective at collisional dissociation that its commercial counterpart became the analytical instrument of choice for mixture analysis for the next decade and beyond. Foreseeing that the future lay in the analysis of biological molecules, by the end of the decade Hunt shifted his focus to peptides.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPioneers of cortical cytoarchitectonics: the forgotten contribution of Herbert Major.
Brain Struct Funct
September 2024
Department of Psychology, Division of Brain, Behavior and Cognition, Aristotelian University Faculty of Philosophy, Thessaloníki, Greece.
The study of cortical cytoarchitectonics and the histology of the human cerebral cortex was pursued by many investigators in the second half of the nineteenth century, such as Jacob Lockhart Clarke, Theodor Meynert, and Vladimir Betz. Another of these pioneers, whose name has largely been lost to posterity, is considered here: Herbert Coddington Major (1850-1921). Working at the West Riding Asylum in Wakefield, United Kingdom, Major's thesis of 1875 described and illustrated six-layered cortical structure in both non-human primates and man, as well as "giant nerve cells" which corresponded to those cells previously described, but not illustrated, by Betz.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTorben Fog - A Danish pioneer in a multi-faceted spectrum of multiple sclerosis research.
Mult Scler
May 2024
Danish Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark/Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Torben Fog was committed to multiple sclerosis (MS) research for more than four decades, starting before the defence of his thesis in 1948 and lasting until his death in 1987. His research was multi-facetted, making him one of the great pioneers in the study of essential parts of the pathology, immunology and treatment of MS. He has contributed with meticulous studies of the MS plaques, documenting the perivenous distribution of plaques in the spinal cord.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIngeborg Beling and the time memory in honeybees: almost one hundred years of research.
J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol
March 2024
Neurobiology and Genetics, Biocentre, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Article Synopsis
- Bees efficiently forage by timing their visits to food sources, aided by their impressive time memory.
- Ingeborg Beling, under Karl von Frisch, conducted pioneering research on honeybee time memory in 1929, contributing to the field of chronobiology.
- Despite her significant findings, Beling's career was cut short due to societal pressures, highlighting the challenges faced by women in science during her time.
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