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Massively parallel mutant selection identifies genetic determinants of colonization of . | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • - The study focuses on understanding how a versatile bacterium can colonize different habitats and affect various hosts, including plants and animals, using transposon sequencing (Tn-Seq) to identify crucial fitness genes.
  • - Key findings indicate that factors related to polysaccharide production, DNA repair, metabolism, and respiration significantly contribute to the bacterium's colonization and virulence across different hosts and tissues.
  • - This research underscores the importance of using the fly model system for host-pathogen interaction studies, revealing conserved and host-specific bacterial colonization factors that enhance our understanding of intestinal pathogenesis.

Article Abstract

is recognized for its ability to colonize diverse habitats and cause disease in a variety of hosts, including plants, invertebrates, and mammals. Understanding how this bacterium is able to occupy wide-ranging niches is important for deciphering its ecology. We used transposon sequencing [Tn-Seq, also known as insertion sequencing (INSeq)] to identify genes in that contribute to fitness during the colonization of . Our results reveal a suite of critical factors, including those that contribute to polysaccharide production, DNA repair, metabolism, and respiration. Comparison of candidate genes with fitness determinants discovered in previous studies on identified several genes required for colonization and virulence determinants that are conserved across hosts and tissues. This analysis provides evidence for both the conservation of function of several genes across systems, as well as host-specific functions. These findings, which represent the first use of transposon sequencing of a gut pathogen in , demonstrate the power of Tn-Seq in the fly model system and advance the existing knowledge of intestinal pathogenesis by revealing bacterial colonization determinants that contribute to a comprehensive portrait of lifestyles across habitats.IMPORTANCE is a powerful model for understanding host-pathogen interactions. Research with this system has yielded notable insights into mechanisms of host immunity and defense, many of which emerged from the analysis of bacterial mutants defective for well-characterized virulence factors. These foundational studies-and advances in high-throughput sequencing of transposon mutants-support unbiased screens of bacterial mutants in the fly. To investigate mechanisms of host-pathogen interplay and exploit the tractability of this model host, we used a high-throughput, genome-wide mutant analysis to find genes that enable the pathogen to colonize the fly. Our analysis reveals critical mediators of establishment in its host, some of which are required across fly and mouse systems. These findings demonstrate the utility of massively parallel mutant analysis and provide a platform for aligning the fly toolkit with comprehensive bacterial genomics.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10949475PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/msystems.01317-23DOI Listing

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