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A glimpse into the past of Hansen's disease - Re-evaluation and comparative analysis of cases with leprosy from the Avar period of the Trans-Tisza region, Hungary.
Tuberculosis (Edinb)
September 2024
Department of Biological Anthropology, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726, Szeged, Hungary; Institute of Archaeological Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, Múzeum körút 4/B, H-1088, Budapest, Hungary; Ancient and Modern Human Genomics Competence Centre, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726, Szeged, Hungary. Electronic address:
Our knowledge of how society viewed leprosy and treated its victims in the past is still scarce, especially in geographical regions and archaeological periods from where no written sources are available. To fill in some research gaps, we provide the comparative analysis of five previously described, probable cases with leprosy from the Avar-period Trans-Tisza region (Hungary). The five skeletons were subject to a detailed macromorphological (re-)evaluation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAncient Mycobacterium leprae genome reveals medieval English red squirrels as animal leprosy host.
Curr Biol
May 2024
Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Spalenring 145, 4055 Basel, Switzerland; Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Vienna, Djerassiplatz 1, 1030 Vienna, Austria; Human Evolution and Archaeological Sciences, University of Vienna, Djerassiplatz 1, 1030 Vienna, Austria. Electronic address:
Leprosy, one of the oldest recorded diseases in human history, remains prevalent in Asia, Africa, and South America, with over 200,000 cases every year. Although ancient DNA (aDNA) approaches on the major causative agent, Mycobacterium leprae, have elucidated the disease's evolutionary history, the role of animal hosts and interspecies transmission in the past remains unexplored. Research has uncovered relationships between medieval strains isolated from archaeological human remains and modern animal hosts such as the red squirrel in England.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFirst archaeological evidence for ginger consumption as a potential medicinal ingredient in a late medieval leprosarium at St Leonard, Peterborough, England.
Sci Rep
January 2024
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, DANTE-Diet and Ancient Technology Laboratory, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy.
Leprosy was one of the most outwardly visible diseases in the European Middle Ages, a period during which leprosaria were founded to provide space for the sick. The extant documentary evidence for leprosy hospitals, especially in relation to diet, therapeutic, and medical care, is limited. However, human dental calculus stands to be an important source of information as it provides insight into the substances people were exposed to and accumulated in their bodies during their lives.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUsing SXRF and LA-ICP-TOFMS to Explore Evidence of Treatment and Physiological Responses to Leprosy in Medieval Denmark.
Biology (Basel)
January 2023
Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, MCC, PACEA, UMR 5199, F-33600 Pessac, France.
Leprosy can lead to blood depletion in Zn, Ca, Mg, and Fe and blood enrichment in Cu. In late medieval Europe, minerals were used to treat leprosy. Here, physiological responses to leprosy and possible evidence of treatment are investigated in enamel, dentine, and cementum of leprosy sufferers from medieval Denmark (n = 12) and early 20th century Romania (n = 2).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDerek Jarman's medieval blood: Queer devotion, affective medicine, and the AIDS Crisis.
Postmedieval
January 2023
Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, CB2 1RH UK.
In this article I consider medieval blood imagery in the paintings, films and journals of Derek Jarman, focusing on works made between 1989-1993. Taking a transhistorical comparative approach, I analyse Jarman's images alongside his medieval sources, primarily Julian of Norwich's Revelations and Gerard of Cremona's translation of Ibn Sīnā's (Avicenna's) al-Qa'n ū n fī al-tibb (Canon of Medicine). In addition, I find my own commonalities between Jarman and the medieval, for example, juxtaposing his Queer series of paintings with MS Egerton 1821.
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