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Hypoxia at 3D organoid establishment selects essential subclones within heterogenous pancreatic cancer. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a hypoxic microenvironment that promotes malignant traits and resistance to therapies like 5-FU due to the presence of hypoxia-adapted cells.
  • Current 3D organoid culture systems, which typically use normal oxygen levels, fail to capture these hypoxic cells, leading to a selection bias.
  • By culturing PDAC organoids under hypoxic conditions (1% O2), researchers observed increased expression of malignancy-related proteins and more effective models for studying and developing treatments for PDAC.

Article Abstract

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is especially hypoxic and composed of heterogeneous cell populations containing hypoxia-adapted cells. Hypoxia as a microenvironment of PDAC is known to cause epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and resistance to therapy. Therefore, cells adapted to hypoxia possess malignant traits that should be targeted for therapy. However, current 3D organoid culture systems are usually cultured under normoxia, losing hypoxia-adapted cells due to selectivity bias at the time of organoid establishment. To overcome any potential selection bias, we focused on oxygen concentration during the establishment of 3D organoids. We subjected identical PDAC surgical samples to normoxia (O2 20%) or hypoxia (O2 1%), yielding glandular and solid organoid morphology, respectively. Pancreatic cancer organoids established under hypoxia displayed higher expression of EMT-related proteins, a Moffitt basal-like subtype transcriptome, and higher 5-FU resistance in contrast to organoids established under normoxia. We suggest that hypoxia during organoid establishment efficiently selects for hypoxia-adapted cells possibly responsible for PDAC malignant traits, facilitating a fundamental source for elucidating and developing new treatment strategies against PDAC.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10875002PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2024.1327772DOI Listing

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