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Descriptive Analysis of Measles Outbreak in Liberia, 2022. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • - Liberia experienced a significant measles outbreak in 2022, affecting nearly all counties and prompting an analysis of surveillance data to inform future vaccination policies.
  • - The analysis revealed that the median age of infected individuals was 4 years, with 60% of cases occurring in children under five, and remarkably low vaccination rates were observed—only 1% had received at least one dose of the measles vaccine.
  • - The overall case fatality rate was 1%, but certain districts reported rates as high as 10%, which indicates the need for further investigation into these areas and highlights the risk of low immunization coverage nationwide.

Article Abstract

Background: Liberia reported a large outbreak of measles involving all the counties in 2022. We conducted a descriptive analysis of the measles surveillance data to understand the trend of the outbreak and guide further policy action to prevent future outbreaks.

Methods: We analyzed the measles surveillance data from Epi week 1 to 51, 2022. All the laboratory-confirmed cases, clinically compatible and epidemiologically linked cases were included in the analysis, the variables of interest included the patient's age, sex, place of residence, measles classification, measles vaccination status, and outcome. We cleaned and analyzed the data using R version 4.2.0 and Arc GIS Pro. The demographic characteristics of the cases were presented, the progression of the cases was presented in Epicurve and the spatial distribution and the case fatality rate (CFR) of the case were presented at the district level using the Arc GIS Pro.

Results: The median age of the cases was 4 years (interquartile range: 2-8 years). Children under five years of age constituted 60% of the cases (4836/8127), and females accounted for 52% (4204/8127) of the cases. Only 1% (84/8127) of the cases had documentary evidence of receiving at least one dose of measles-containing vaccine (MCV). Only 3 out of 92 health districts in the country did not report a case of measles during the period under review. The overall cases fatality rate was 1% however CFR of up to 10% were reported in some districts.

Conclusion: The outbreak of measles involved almost all the districts of the country, exposing a possible nationwide suboptimal immunization coverage for MCV. The high CFR reported in some districts needs further investigation.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10873729PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.01.008DOI Listing

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