Effective tobacco policies are important for reducing the harm of tobacco use and can have a broad impact at the population level. This review provides an overview of how clinical science can inform tobacco policies with a focus on policies related to flavored tobacco products, using menthol cigarettes as an illustrative example. Specifically, this review summarizes the role of flavors in tobacco use and the history of regulation of flavored tobacco products by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), provides an overview of clinical research methods used to contribute to the scientific evidence to inform FDA tobacco policies, discusses key findings related to menthol tobacco products using these methods, and proposes future directions for clinical research. As the tobacco marketplace continues to evolve with new products and flavor chemicals, ongoing clinical science will be essential for establishing evidence-based policies to protect public health and reduce tobacco-related health disparities.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-080921-075624 | DOI Listing |
J Plant Physiol
December 2024
Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture & Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Development and Utilization of Small Fruits in Cold Regions, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China. Electronic address:
MYB transcription factors exert crucial functions in enhancing plant stress tolerance, which is impacted by soil drought and salinity. In our study, the R2R3-type MYB transcription factor gene LcMYB5 from blue honeysuckle (Lonicera caerulea L.) was successfully cloned and identified, and confirmed its nuclear localization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur Child Adolesc Psychiatry
December 2024
Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Årstadveien 17, Bergen, 5009, Norway.
Tobacco use often starts during adolescence, with many adults beginning before 21. This study investigated the patterns and factors associated with tobacco and e-cigarette use among school-aged adolescents in Albania. Data were analyzed from two Albania Global Youth Tobacco Surveys (GYTS) conducted in 2015 and 2020.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
December 2024
Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America.
Puff Bar, a disposable electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS), was the ENDS brand most commonly used by U.S. youth in 2021.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJAMA Health Forum
December 2024
Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Importance: Research shows that Tobacco 21 (T21) policies with a minimum legal access age for tobacco products of 21 years reduce smoking, yet their impact varies across US states due to differences in smoking behaviors, mortality rates, and policy coverage.
Objective: To quantify potential reductions in smoking-attributable mortality associated with Tobacco 21 policies for each of the 50 states and Washington, DC.
Design, Setting, And Participants: The Cancer Intervention Surveillance and Modeling Network (CISNET) Tobacco Control Policy Model of smoking was used with detailed state-specific data on smoking initiation, smoking cessation and mortality rates as they vary by age, gender, and birth cohort for 50 US states and the District of Columbia.
Nicotine Tob Res
December 2024
Public Health Research Center, New York University Abu Dhabi.
Introduction: E-cigarettes (ECs) and heated tobacco products (HTPs) are recent arrivals to the nicotine product market in the Middle East, which are rapidly growing in popularity in the region. There is a lack of surveillance data at the country-level on use of these products and factors associated with their use.
Methods: This study analyzed a subset of data from the UAE Healthy Future Study, a population-based cohort study of the Emirati population, to determine the factors associated with EC and HTP use among a sample of Emirati adults (≥ 18 years).
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