This review delves into the rapidly evolving landscape of liquid biopsy technologies based on cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and cell-free RNA (cfRNA) and their increasingly prominent role in precision medicine. With the advent of high-throughput DNA sequencing, the use of cfDNA and cfRNA has revolutionized noninvasive clinical testing. Here, we explore the physical characteristics of cfDNA and cfRNA, present an overview of the essential engineering tools used by the field, and highlight clinical applications, including noninvasive prenatal testing, cancer testing, organ transplantation surveillance, and infectious disease testing. Finally, we discuss emerging technologies and the broadening scope of liquid biopsies to new areas of diagnostic medicine.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-bioeng-110222-111259 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Precision medicine in diagnosis, prognosis, and disease monitoring of bone and soft tissue sarcomas using liquid biopsy: a systematic review.
Arch Orthop Trauma Surg
January 2025
Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 5, 8036, Graz, Austria.
Introduction: Liquid biopsy as a non-invasive method to investigate cancer biology and monitor residual disease has gained significance in clinical practice over the years. Whilst its applicability in carcinomas is well established, the low incidence and heterogeneity of bone and soft tissue sarcomas explains the less well-established knowledge considering liquid biopsy in these highly malignant mesenchymal neoplasms.
Materials And Methods: A systematic literature review adhering to the PRISMA guidelines initially identified 920 studies, of whom 68 original articles could be finally included, all dealing with clinical applicability of liquid biopsy in sarcoma.
Advances in Glioblastoma Diagnosis: Integrating Genetics, Noninvasive Sampling, and Advanced Imaging.
Cancers (Basel)
January 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
Glioblastoma is the most common primary brain tumor in adult patients, and despite standard-of-care treatment, median survival has remained less than two years. Advances in our understanding of molecular mutations have led to changes in the diagnostic criteria of glioblastoma, with the WHO classification integrating important mutations into the grading system in 2021. We sought to review the basics of the important genetic mutations associated with glioblastoma, including known mechanisms and roles in disease pathogenesis/treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDynamic Changes in Circulating Tumor DNA During Immunotherapy for Head and Neck Cancer: SHIZUKU-HN Study.
Int J Mol Sci
December 2024
Department of Medical Oncology, Institute of Science Tokyo, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are effective in treating recurrent/metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), but only 20% of patients achieve durable responses. This study evaluated circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) as a real-time biomarker for monitoring treatment response in HNSCC. The SHIZUKU-HN study prospectively collected and analyzed serial plasma samples (n = 27) from HNSCC patients undergoing ICIs, using Guardant360 to assess ctDNA variant allele frequency (VAF) and genetic mutations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntegrated Analysis of Cell-Free DNA and Novel Protein Biomarkers for Stratification and Therapy Monitoring in Stage IV Pancreatic Cancer: A Preliminary Study.
Diagnostics (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Medicine I (Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation), Freiburg University Medical Center, 79106 Freiburg, Germany.
Given the poor prognosis of metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma (mPDAC), closer disease monitoring through liquid biopsy, most frequently based on serial measurements of cell-free mutated ( cfDNA), has become a highly active research focus, aimed at improving patients' long-term outcomes. However, most of the available data show only a limited predictive and prognostic value of single-parameter-based methods. We hypothesized that a combined longitudinal analysis of cfDNA and novel protein biomarkers could improve risk stratification and molecular monitoring of patients with mPDAC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[The significance and advancements of circulating tumor DNA in the diagnosis and treatment of operable non-small cell lung cancer].
Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi
January 2025
Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing100044, China.
Non-small cell lung cancer, characterized by high incidence and mortality rates, significantly threatens human health. Precisely assessing patient prognosis and implementing adaptive treatment strategies have emerged as pivotal issues in contemporary thoracic oncology. Postoperative minimal residual disease (MRD) detection through liquid biopsy has demonstrated substantial potential.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!