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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00062-024-01385-4 | DOI Listing |
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Tissue concepts: Supervised foundation models in computational pathology.
Comput Biol Med
January 2025
Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen/Lübeck/Aachen, Germany.
Due to the increasing workload of pathologists, the need for automation to support diagnostic tasks and quantitative biomarker evaluation is becoming more and more apparent. Foundation models have the potential to improve generalizability within and across centers and serve as starting points for data efficient development of specialized yet robust AI models. However, the training of foundation models themselves is usually very expensive in terms of data, computation, and time.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiopsy location and tumor-associated macrophages in predicting malignant glioma recurrence using an in-silico model.
NPJ Syst Biol Appl
January 2025
Center for Interdisciplinary Digital Sciences (CIDS), Department Information Services and High-Performance Computing (ZIH), Dresden University of Technology, 01062, Dresden, Germany.
Predicting the biological behavior and time to recurrence (TTR) of high-grade diffuse gliomas (HGG) after maximum safe neurosurgical resection and combined radiation and chemotherapy plays a pivotal role in planning clinical follow-up, selecting potentially necessary second-line treatment and improving the quality of life for patients diagnosed with a malignant brain tumor. The current standard-of-care (SoC) for HGG includes follow-up neuroradiological imaging to detect recurrence as early as possible and relies on several clinical, neuropathological, and radiological prognostic factors, which have limited accuracy in predicting TTR. In this study, using an in-silico analysis, we aim to improve predictive power for TTR by considering the role of (i) prognostically relevant information available through diagnostics used in the current SoC, (ii) advanced image-based information not currently part of the standard diagnostic workup, such as tumor-normal tissue interface (edge) features and quantitative data specific to biopsy positions within the tumor, and (iii) information on tumor-associated macrophages.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMossy Fiber Sprouting in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: The Impact of Netrin-1, DCC, and Gene Expression Changes.
Biomedicines
December 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, Freiburg University Medical Center, Breisacher Str. 64, 79106 Freiburg, Germany.
Background: Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most common form of drug-resistant epilepsy, often associated with hippocampal sclerosis (HS), which involves selective neuronal loss in the Cornu Ammonis subregion 1 CA1 and CA4 regions of the hippocampus. Granule cells show migration and mossy fiber sprouting, though the mechanisms remain unclear. Microglia play a role in neurogenesis and synaptic modulation, suggesting they may contribute to epilepsy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExpanding the Molecular Genetic Landscape of Dystrophinopathies and Associated Phenotypes.
Biomedicines
November 2024
Department of Pediatric Neurology, Centre for Neuromuscular Disorders, Centre for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences, University Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany.
: X-linked dystrophinopathies are a group of neuromuscular diseases caused by pathogenic variants in the gene (MIM *300377). Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD; MIM #310200) is the most common inherited muscular dystrophy. : We screened datasets of 403 male, genetically confirmed X-linked dystrophinopathy patients and identified 13 pathogenic variants of the gene that have not been described in the literature thus far.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOperating and Biocontainment Procedures of a Facility for Laboratory Mice with a Natural Microbiome: Immunophenotyping Procedure.
J Vis Exp
December 2024
Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin;
Article Synopsis
- The use of "Wildling mice" with a natural microbiome presents a unique research tool for studying human-like immune systems, but poses challenges for animal husbandry due to their diverse microbial content.
- A specialized facility was created at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin to manage these mice, incorporating unique designs and protocols for hygiene and microbiome containment.
- The study shows that "Wildling mice" develop distinct immune cell populations compared to SPF mice, suggesting that using these mice could improve the relevancy of preclinical findings for human health.
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