Solar irradiation of 2-butenedial in the lower troposphere mainly produces isomeric ketene-enol (a key intermediate product), furanones, and maleic anhydride, the formation pathways of which were investigated in a previous study. The other main products were carbon monoxide and an experimentally unidentified carbonyl compound. This was the subject of the present study. The oxidative reaction mechanisms were studied using DFT calculations. Water intervention is found essential. Its addition and subsequent water-assisted isomerizations (an ene--diol/enol and a carboxylic acid/enol form), followed by cyclization, lead to an interesting cyclic carbonyl compound, but this pathway appears to be rather energy demanding. An alternative implies water cooperation in a ketene-enol + carboxylic acid/enol addition that gives the relevant anhydride. The anhydride is proposed as a candidate for the experimentally unidentified carbonyl product. Regarding CO and acrolein formation, the role of the triplet states, as defined by the probability of intersystem crossing from the excited singlet state S to T and T, is discussed. The T photolysis pathway connecting butenedial to propenal + CO was then defined.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10856046 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules29030575 | DOI Listing |
Cancer Cell Int
December 2024
Department of Biochemistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
Background: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a type of cancer characterized by a vast intracellular accumulation of lipids that are critical to sustain growth and viability of the cells in the tumour microenvironment. Stearoyl-CoA 9-desaturase 1 (SCD-1) is an essential enzyme for the synthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids and consistently overexpressed in all stages of ccRCC growth.
Methods: Human clear cell renal cell carcinoma lines were treated with small-molecule inhibitors of protein kinase CK2.
ACS Omega
December 2024
Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies "G. Natta", National Research Council of Italy, Via Mario Bianco 9, 20131 Milan, Italy.
Affitins are a class of small artificial proteins, designed as alternatives to antibodies for therapeutic, diagnostic, and biotechnological applications. Recent patents by Bracco Imaging S.p.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Hosp Infect
December 2024
Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Clinical Microbiology and Virology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy. Electronic address:
Background: Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales, particularly those producing carbapenemases (CPE), pose a major threat to human health, being listed among critical-priority resistant pathogens by the World Health Organization.
Aim: In this study we report on a large nosocomial spread of CPE of different species producing VIM-type carbapenemases, and on the infection prevention and control measures thata were adopted to contrast the spread.
Methods: Conventional culture and molecular methods were used for detection and identification of VIM-positive CPE (VIM-CPE) causing infections or colonizing patients or present in environmental specimens.
Front Pharmacol
November 2024
Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
Many medicinal plant extracts have been proven to have significant health benefits. In contrast, research has shown that some medicinal plant extracts can be toxic, genotoxic, mutagenic, or carcinogenic. Therefore, evaluation of the genotoxicity effects of plant extracts that are used as traditional medicine is essential to ensure they are safe for use and in the search for new medication.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Adv Res
December 2024
Institute of Systems Medicine and Health Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, 999077, Hong Kong; Research Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, 999077, Hong Kong; Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Metabolomics, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China. Electronic address:
Introduction: Ginseng demonstrates therapeutic potential in treating obesity, with both experimental and clinical studies suggesting its anti-obesity effects are mediated by gut microbiota. Nonetheless, the specific chemical components responsible for this effect remain largely unidentified.
Objectives: This study aims to investigate the anti-obesity effects and mechanisms of ginseng polysaccharides (GP) and ginsenosides (GS), the primary chemical components of ginseng, with a focus on their impact on gut microbiota.
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!