Effect of calcitriol supplementation on infectious biomarkers in patients with positive systemic inflammatory response: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Sepsis is one of the common causes of hospitalization of patients in intensive care units. A significant role for vitamin D in sepsis has been proposed, which is due to its active metabolite, calcitriol.

Aims: Evaluate the effect of calcitriol supplementation on infectious biomarkers, including procalcitonin and presepsin.

Methods: Patients with sepsis were divided into intervention and control group. Patients in the intervention group received intravenous calcitriol daily for 3 days. The serum levels of procalcitonin and presepsin were evaluated on days 0, 3, and 5 after administration.

Results: Fifty-two SIRS-positive patients were evaluated. Baseline characteristics, changes in Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score and blood levels of vitamin D were not significantly different between the two groups. Procalcitonin levels on day 5 and the differences between day 5 and 0 were significantly lower in the intervention group ( = 0.02). Presepsin on the third and fifth days in the intervention group was reduced, but in the control group, there was an ascending trend. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups on days 3 and 5 ( = 0.17 and = 0.06, respectively) or between days 3 as well as 5 and the baseline presepsin level ( = 0.93 and = 0.92, respectively). The ICU length of stay and 28-day mortality did not differ significantly either between the two arms of the study.

Conclusions: Finally, the results of this study showed that the administration of intravenous calcitriol could reduce the levels of procalcitonin but did not have a significant effect on presepsin.