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Does size-selective harvesting erode adaptive potential to thermal stress? | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Overharvesting can lead to evolutionary changes in fish populations, favoring specific body sizes and reducing overall diversity in traits.
  • A study using zebrafish showed that those subjected to directional selection for size had poorer growth and adaptability to thermal stress compared to fish from a randomly selected group.
  • The findings suggest that fish populations with directional selection might struggle more against environmental challenges, highlighting the need for further research on the effects of stressors on wild fish populations.

Article Abstract

Overharvesting is a serious threat to many fish populations. High mortality and directional selection on body size can cause evolutionary change in exploited populations via selection for a specific phenotype and a potential reduction in phenotypic diversity. Whether the loss of phenotypic diversity that accompanies directional selection impairs response to environmental stress is not known. To address this question, we exposed three zebrafish selection lines to thermal stress. Two lines had experienced directional selection for (1) large and (2) small body size, and one was (3) subject to random removal of individuals with respect to body size (i.e. line with no directional selection). Selection lines were exposed to three temperatures (elevated, 34°C; ambient, 28°C; low, 22°C) to determine the response to an environmental stressor (thermal stress). We assessed differences among selection lines in their life history (growth and reproduction), physiological traits (metabolic rate and critical thermal max) and behaviour (activity and feeding behaviour) when reared at different temperatures. Lines experiencing directional selection (i.e. size selected) showed reduced growth rate and a shift in average phenotype in response to lower or elevated thermal stress compared with fish from the random-selected line. Our data indicate that populations exposed to directional selection can have a more limited capacity to respond to thermal stress compared with fish that experience a comparable reduction in population size (but without directional selection). Future studies should aim to understand the impacts of environmental stressors on natural fish stocks.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10850808PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.11007DOI Listing

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