Time-resolved AUSAXS at BL28XU at SPring-8.

An anomalous ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering (AUSAXS) system has been constructed at BL28XU at SPring-8 for time-resolved AUSAXS experiments. The path length was extended to 9.1 m and a minimum of = 0.0069 nm was attained. Scattering profiles at 0.0069 to 0.3 nm were successfully obtained at 17 different X-ray energies in 30 s using the BL28XU optical setup, which enables adjustment of the energy of the incident X-rays quickly without the beam position drifting. Time-resolved measurements were conducted to investigate changes in the structure of zinc compounds in poly(styrene--butadiene) rubber during vulcanization. A change in energy dependence of the scattered intensity with time was found during vulcanization, suggesting the transformation of zinc in the reaction.