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Hyperspectral Raman imaging with multivariate curve resolution-alternating least square (MCR-ALS) analysis for xylazine-containing drug mixtures.
Forensic Sci Int
November 2024
School of Criminal Justice, Forensic Science, and Security, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS 39406, United States. Electronic address:
Xylazine, increasingly implicated in illicit opioid overdose deaths, poses a significant public health threat due to its synergistic effects with fentanyl and resistance to naloxone reversal. Despite its rising prevalence, xylazine is not classified as a controlled substance, leading to its exclusion from routine forensic screening. This study introduces a novel analytical method combining Raman hyperspectral imaging with Multivariate Curve Resolution-Alternating Least Squares (MCR-ALS) to detect xylazine in drug mixtures containing common excipients such as acetaminophen, dipyrone, and mannitol.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWithdrawal Signs and Symptoms Among Patients Positive for Fentanyl With and Without Xylazine.
J Addict Med
December 2024
From the Division of Substance Use Disorder Programming, McNabb Center, Knoxville, TN (RA); Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (RA); Department of Internal Medicine, DeBusk College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, Knoxville, TN (RA, CA); Tennessee Department of Health, Nashville, TN (CW); and Aegis Sciences Corporation, Nashville, TN (JS, AH, RH).
Background: Xylazine is not approved for human use, yet it has emerged as a common adulterant of illicit fentanyl. It is currently unclear whether there is a withdrawal syndrome associated with xylazine and the potential impact of fentanyl coexposure.
Methods: A retrospective cohort study of patients with opioid use disorder admitted to an inpatient medically monitored withdrawal facility was performed.
First Detection of Xylazine in Texas Wastewater and Its Association with Fentanyl Use.
medRxiv
November 2024
Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA.
Article Synopsis
- The United States is facing a worsening drug overdose crisis, with xylazine—an animal sedative—emerging as a significant threat in the illicit drug market.
- A study in El Paso, Texas, used wastewater analysis to monitor xylazine presence and its potential link to fentanyl use over 14 months, finding xylazine in most treatment plants sampled.
- The research indicated a direct correlation between xylazine and higher fentanyl levels, urging the need for improved monitoring and targeted health interventions in communities impacted by the opioid epidemic.
Exploring Human Misuse and Abuse of Veterinary Drugs: A Descriptive Pharmacovigilance Analysis Utilising the Food and Drug Administration's Adverse Events Reporting System (FAERS).
Toxics
October 2024
Medical School, The Grove, Swansea University, Singleton Campus, Wales SA2 8PP, UK.
Introduction: Evidence suggests an increasing misuse of veterinary medicines by humans. This study aims to analyse Adverse Events (AEs) associated with selected veterinary products using the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Events Reporting System (FAERS).
Methods: A descriptive pharmacovigilance analysis was conducted on AEs related to 21 drugs approved for human and/or animal use.
Rational hapten design, antibody preparation, and immunoassay development for rapid screening xylazine in biological samples.
Food Chem
February 2025
National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China; Technology Innovation Center for Food Safety Surveillance and Detection (Hainan), Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Sanya 572025, People's Republic of China. Electronic address:
Xylazine (XYL) is an illicit adulterant in opioids and an approved veterinary sedative drug, which has been abused, misused, and residued in food samples, endangering people health, causing drug-facilitated crimes and even death. Immunoassay used antibody as core biomaterial could to achieve highly sensitive and rapid detection screening purpose for XYL in situ. Here, we rationally designed four novel XYL haptens with different spacer arms to produce antibodies with high affinity and specificity.
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