MnO porous carbon composite from cellulose enabling high gravimetric/volumetric performance for supercapacitor.

Preparing electrode material integrated with high gravimetric/volumetric capacitance and fast electron/ion transfer is crucial for the practical application. Owing to the structural contradiction, it is a big challenge to construct electrode material with high packing density, sufficient ion transport channels, and fast electronic transfer pathways. Herein, MnO porous carbon composite with abundant porous structure and 3D carbon skeleton was facilely fabricated from Linum usitatissimum. L stems via NaOH activation and MnO introduction. The in-situ introduced MnO not only increases the packing density and the electrical conductivity of the porous carbon but also provides more active sites for oxidation reactions. These unique characteristics endow the resultant MnO porous carbon composite with remarkable gravimetric capacitance of 549 F g, volumetric capacitance of 378 F cm, and capacitance retention of 54.9 %. Giving the simple process and low cost, this work might offer a new approach for structural design and the practical application of high-performance electrode materials.