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Early procalcitonin assays may reduce antibiotic exposure in premature newborn infants. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • - The study aimed to evaluate a new algorithm using procalcitonin levels in umbilical cord blood to improve the diagnosis of early-onset neonatal sepsis (EOS) in premature infants and reduce their exposure to antibiotics.
  • - Conducted in Nice, France, the research compared two groups of premature newborns: one before the procalcitonin algorithm was implemented and one after, assessing antibiotic duration, dose, morbidity, and mortality.
  • - Results showed a significant reduction in the duration of antibiotic therapy after implementing the new algorithm, with no negative effects on the mortality or morbidity rates of the infants.

Article Abstract

Aim: The diagnosis of early-onset neonatal sepsis (EOS) remains difficult. The main aim was to study the effect of a new algorithm for EOS, which includes the level of procalcitonin in umbilical cord blood, on the exposure to antibiotic therapy of premature newborn infants.

Methods: This was a monocentric, observational and retrospective study with before-and-after design. The duration and dose of antibiotic therapy provided as well as the morbidity and mortality were compared in two groups, one included 01 May 2015-30 November 2015 when procalcitonin was not used, and one after the change 01 November 2016-30 May 2017 when procalcitonin was used in a hospital setting in Nice, France.

Results: Sixty newborn infants were included in the before group and 54 in the after group. Antibiotic therapy was stopped after 24 h for 18 newborn infants in the after group and four in the before group, and after 48 h for 26 newborn infants in the after group and 10 in the before group.

Conclusion: The implementation of a new decision-making algorithm including early procalcitonin assay of premature newborn infants significantly reduced exposure to antibiotics without modifying mortality or morbidity.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/apa.17137DOI Listing

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