Revising the diversity within the Dwarf Dog-faced Bat, (Chiroptera, Molossidae), with the revalidation of the endangered Molossopsgriseiventer.

The genus includes two monotypic species of insectivore bats distributed in South America: and . Both can be differentiated, based on sizes, being smaller (forearm less than 33 mm). Despite being monotypic, at least two additional subspecies have been described for , of which from the inter-Andean Valley of the Magdalena River in Colombia might represent a valid taxon. To test the taxonomic status of , we reviewed specimens of from cis- and trans-Andean localities in Colombia. We used Cytochrome-b and Cytochrome Oxidase I comparisons to test the phylogenetic position of cis- and trans-Andean samples and compared qualitative morphology, morphometric and bioacoustics. Our results show that is differentiated from cis-Andean specimens, providing further evidence of its validity at the species level. Furthermore, (sensu stricto) is also distributed in Colombia, but both and are allopatric, with the Andes acting as a barrier. The specific identity of the specimens from the Caribbean Region of Colombia needs a new evaluation, but our results clearly show that the diversity of is underestimated.