Safety and Efficacy of Insulins in Critically Ill Patients Receiving Continuous Enteral Nutrition.

Endocr Pract

Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado. Electronic address:

Published: April 2024

Objective: There is a relative lack of consensus regarding the optimal management of hyperglycemia in patients receiving continuous enteral nutrition (EN), with or without a diagnosis of diabetes.

Methods: This retrospective study examined 475 patients (303 with known diabetes) hospitalized in critical care setting units in 2019 in a single center who received continuous EN. Rates of hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, and glucose levels within the target range (70-180 mg/dL) were compared between patients with and without diabetes, and among patients treated with intermediate-acting (IA) biphasic neutral protamine Hagedorn 70/30, long-acting (LA) insulin, or rapid-acting insulin only.

Results: Among those with type 2 diabetes mellitus, IA and LA insulin regimens were associated with a significantly higher proportion of patient-days in the target glucose range and fewer hyperglycemic days. Level 1 (<70 mg/dL) and level 2 (<54 mg/dL) hypoglycemia occurred rarely, and there were no significant differences in level 2 hypoglycemia frequency across the different insulin regimens.

Conclusion: Administration of IA and LA insulin can be safe and effective for those receiving insulin doses for EN-related hyperglycemia.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eprac.2024.01.009DOI Listing

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