How I do it: dual operation channels percutaneous endoscopic far-lateral transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion.

Background: The current surgical procedure of interbody fusion in the lumbar spine has several limitations including low efficiency, potential endplate damage, overdose radiation exposure, and failure of fusion.

Methods: Through the endoscopic operating channel, we efficiently removed the superior and inferior articular processes and decompressed the ligamentum flavum. Another operating channel was established under endoscopic monitoring to excise the annulus fibrosus, remove the cartilaginous endplate using open instruments, perform interbody bone grafting, and place a non-expandable polyetheretherketone open surgical fusion cage.

Conclusion: Lumbar interbody fusion was performed successfully using a far-lateral transforaminal approach combined with dual operation channels of percutaneous endoscopic-assisted technique.