The pathogenesis of endometriosis is a hotly debated topic, yet still cloaked in multiple layers of hypothetical theories. A recent report raises the possibility that bacterial infection, especially those of the genus Fusobacterium, may be the cause of endometriosis, at least in certain women. More importantly, the demonstration that treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics significantly reduced the size of lesions in a mouse endometriosis model rekindles the hope for new non-hormonal treatments. The development of new therapies has been plagued by strings of unsuccessful clinical trials over the last two decades. Is this antibiotic therapy, a silver lining for the research and development of non-hormonal drugs for endometriosis?
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