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A comment on "Metformin in the Diabetes Prevention Program 3-year trial: The cost-effectiveness that never was".
Diabetes Obes Metab
December 2024
Division of Diabetes Translation, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
CAR T Cells and T-Cell Therapies for Cancer: A Translational Science Review.
JAMA
December 2024
Duncan and Nancy MacMillan Cancer Immunology and Metabolism Center of Excellence, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick.
Article Synopsis
- CAR T cells are genetically engineered T lymphocytes designed to target and kill tumor cells, showing improved survival rates in patients with large B-cell lymphoma and multiple myeloma.
- Six CAR T-cell therapies are FDA-approved for various blood cancers, demonstrating better outcomes compared to traditional chemotherapy, particularly in large B-cell lymphoma and pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
- Despite high efficacy, CAR T-cell therapy can cause significant side effects, including cytokine release syndrome and neurologic issues; ongoing research aims to enhance effectiveness and reduce risks, with some progress in treating solid tumors.
Unemployment and Personal Income Loss After Traumatic Brain Injury.
JAMA Surg
December 2024
Division of Neurosurgery, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto Ontario, Canada.
Article Synopsis
- * Using health and tax data from 2007 to 2017 on 18,050 TBI patients, the research found significant income reductions—averaging CAD $7,635 in the first year and CAD $5,000 by the third year after injury—compared to uninjured individuals.
- * Additionally, 7.8% of TBI survivors became newly unemployed each year after their injury, highlighting the ongoing socioeconomic challenges faced by these individuals.
Medicaid Accountable Care Organizations and Disparities in Pediatric Asthma Care.
JAMA Pediatr
November 2024
Department of Health Promotion and Policy, School of Public Health & Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst.
Article Synopsis
- - Nearly 6 million children in the US have asthma, with over a third covered by Medicaid; despite experiments with accountable care organizations (ACOs) in 23 state Medicaid programs, their impact on asthma care and outcomes is not well understood.
- - The study aimed to evaluate the effects of Massachusetts Medicaid ACO implementation in March 2018 on the quality of asthma care and healthcare use among children aged 2 to 17, using data from 2014 to 2020.
- - Results showed no significant change in routine asthma visit rates for Medicaid-insured children compared to privately insured ones after ACO implementation, though an increase in the proportion of Medicaid-insured children with a favorable asthma medication ratio was noted. *
The road to a world-unified approach to the management of patients with gastric intestinal metaplasia: a review of current guidelines.
Gut
September 2024
UNSW Microbiome Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Objective: During the last decade, the management of gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM) has been addressed by several distinct international evidence-based guidelines. In this review, we aimed to synthesise these guidelines and provide clinicians with a global perspective of the current recommendations for managing patients with GIM, as well as highlight evidence gaps that need to be addressed with future research.
Design: We conducted a systematic review of the literature for guidelines and consensus statements published between January 2010 and February 2023 that address the diagnosis and management of GIM.
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