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The Robustness of White Matter Brain Networks Decreases with Aging.
J Integr Neurosci
January 2025
Department of Brain Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, 230031 Hefei, Anhui, China.
Background: White matter (WM) is a principal component of the human brain, forming the structural basis for neural transmission between cortico-cortical and subcortical structures. The impairment of WM integrity is closely associated with the aging process, manifesting as the reorganization of brain networks based on graph theoretical analysis of complex networks and increased volume of white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) in imaging studies.
Methods: This study investigated changes in the robustness of WM brain networks during aging and assessed their correlation with WMHs.
Exploring the Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment Options of Multiple Sclerosis.
J Integr Neurosci
January 2025
Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy.
The complicated neurological syndrome known as multiple sclerosis (MS) is typified by demyelination, inflammation, and neurodegeneration in the central nervous system (CNS). Managing this crippling illness requires an understanding of the complex interactions between neurophysiological systems, diagnostic techniques, and therapeutic methods. A complex series of processes, including immunological dysregulation, inflammation, and neurodegeneration, are involved in the pathogenesis of MS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReduced white matter integrity and disrupted brain network in children with type 2 and 3 spinal muscular atrophy.
J Neurodev Disord
January 2025
Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
Background: Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is caused by reduced expression of survival motor neuron (SMN) protein. Previous studies indicated SMA causes not only lower motor neuron degeneration but also extensive brain involvement. This study aimed to investigate the changes of brain white matter and structural network using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in children with type 2 and 3 SMA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdvanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Early Diagnosis and Monitoring of Movement Disorders.
Brain Sci
January 2025
Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento y Sueño, Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González, Calzada de Tlalpan 4800, Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
Advanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques are transforming the study of movement disorders by providing valuable insights into disease mechanisms. This narrative review presents a comprehensive overview of their applications in this field, offering an updated perspective on their potential for early diagnosis, disease monitoring, and therapeutic evaluation. Emerging MRI modalities such as neuromelanin-sensitive imaging, diffusion-weighted imaging, magnetization transfer imaging, and relaxometry provide sensitive biomarkers that can detect early microstructural degeneration, iron deposition, and connectivity disruptions in key regions like the substantia nigra.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPotential biofluid markers for cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease.
Neural Regen Res
December 2024
Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China.
Cognitive impairment is a particularly severe non-motor symptom of Parkinson's disease that significantly diminishes the quality of life of affected individuals. Identifying reliable biomarkers for cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease is essential for early diagnosis, prognostic assessments, and the development of targeted therapies. This review aims to summarize recent advancements in biofluid biomarkers for cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease, focusing on the detection of specific proteins, metabolites, and other biomarkers in blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and saliva.
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