Comparative Multi-Omics Analysis of Broomcorn Millet in Response to Infection.

is the causal agent of broomcorn millet () smut disease, which results in serious yield losses in broomcorn millet production. However, the molecular basis underlying broomcorn millet defense against is less understood. In this study, we investigated how broomcorn millet responds to infection by by employing a comprehensive multi-omics approach. We examined the responses of broomcorn millet across transcriptome, metabolome, and microbiome levels. Infected leaves exhibited an upregulation of genes related to photosynthesis, accompanied by a higher accumulation of photosynthesis-related compounds and alterations in hormonal levels. However, broomcorn millet genes involved in immune response were downregulated post infection, suggesting that may suppress broomcorn millet immunity. In addition, we show that the immune suppression and altered host metabolism induced by have no significant effect on the microbial community structure of broomcorn millet leaf, thus providing a new perspective for understanding the tripartite interaction between plant, pathogen, and microbiota.