AI Article Synopsis

  • Drug development is costly and slow, while drug repurposing offers a faster and cheaper way to bring treatments to patients by using existing drugs for new purposes.
  • Advances over the past decade in large biobanks, genomic data, and novel methodologies have created new opportunities for effective drug repositioning.
  • The review summarizes various strategies for drug repurposing and highlights the challenges involved, offering insights for future research in the field.

Article Abstract

The process of drug development is expensive and time-consuming. In contrast, drug repurposing can be introduced to clinical practice more quickly and at a reduced cost. Over the last decade, there has been a significant expansion of large biobanks that link genomic data to electronic health record data, public availability of various databases containing biological and clinical information and rapid development of novel methodologies and algorithms in integrating different sources of data. This review aims to provide a thorough summary of different strategies that utilize genomic data to seek drug-repositioning opportunities. We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE databases to identify eligible studies up until 1 May 2023, with a total of 102 studies finally included after two-step parallel screening. We summarized commonly used strategies for drug repurposing, including Mendelian randomization, multi-omic-based and network-based studies and illustrated each strategy with examples, as well as the data sources implemented. By leveraging existing knowledge and infrastructure to expedite the drug discovery process and reduce costs, drug repurposing potentially identifies new therapeutic uses for approved drugs in a more efficient and targeted manner. However, technical challenges when integrating different types of data and biased or incomplete understanding of drug interactions are important hindrances that cannot be disregarded in the pursuit of identifying novel therapeutic applications. This review offers an overview of drug repurposing methodologies, providing valuable insights and guiding future directions for advancing drug repurposing studies.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10818097PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bib/bbad527DOI Listing

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