The authors aim to summarize several key points of stimulant drugs and stimulant use disorder, including their indications, short-term and long-term adverse effects, current treatment strategies, and association with opioid medications. The global prevalence of stimulant use has seen annual increase in the last decade. Multiple studies have shown that stimulant use and stimulant use disorder are associated with a range of individual and public health issues. Stimulant misuse has led to a significant increase of overdose deaths in the United States.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anclin.2023.09.003 | DOI Listing |
Can J Nurs Res
January 2025
School of Nursing, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Objectives: With nearly 50,000 people having died since 2016 as a result of the unregulated toxic drug supply, novel approaches to care are needed. A small number of Safer Stimulant Supply programs have been piloted in Canada, which seek to provide a pharmaceutical-grade stimulant medication replacement for the toxic unregulated stimulant supply. In this paper, we describe the results of retrospective Safer Stimulant Supply program medical chart reviews.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a common neurodevelopmental disorder in children, is associated with alterations in gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which are metabolites influencing the gut-brain axis. Evidence suggests that psychostimulant medications, widely used to manage ADHD symptoms, may also impact gut microbiota composition and SCFA levels. This study explores these potential effects by examining gut microbiota profiles and SCFA concentrations in unmedicated and medicated children with ADHD, compared to healthy controls.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Addict Med
January 2025
From the Division of General Internal Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA (LWS); San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, CA (POC); Vital Strategies, New York, NY (KB, DC); Network for Public Health Law, Edina, MN (CSD); and New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY (CSD).
Stimulant use disorder (StUD) is a rapidly growing concern in the United States, with escalating rates of death attributed to amphetamines and cocaine. No medications are currently approved for StUD treatment, leaving clinicians to navigate off-label medication options. Recent studies suggest that controlled prescription psychostimulants such as dextroamphetamine, methylphenidate, and modafinil are associated with reductions in self-reported stimulant use, craving, and depressive symptoms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Neurosci
January 2025
Kontigo Care AB, Uppsala, Sweden.
Background: It is known that illicit and prescribed drugs impact pupil size, eye movement and function. Still, comprehensive quantitative evaluations under known ambient light conditions are lacking, when smartphones are used for monitoring.
Methods: In this clinical study (NCT05731999), four medicinal products with addiction risks were administered to 48 subjects (18-70 years old, all with informed consent, 12 subjects per drug).
BMC Psychiatry
January 2025
Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Objective: Caffeine Use Disorder (CUD) is not currently recognized as a formal diagnosis in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5). However, recent studies within the DSM-5 context have explored this issue. Also, this disorder is closely associated with caffeine withdrawal symptoms, which are formally recognized as a diagnosis in the DSM-5.
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