NLRP3 inflammasome-a likely target for the treatment of immunologic conjunctivitis: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Immune-mediated conjunctivitis is a prevalent ocular ailment characterized by inflammation and immune reactions in the conjunctiva. However, the precise causes and therapeutic approaches for this condition remain the main focus for numerous ophthalmological specialists. Recently, accumulating evidence from human and mouse experiments has demonstrated the critical involvement of the NLRP3 inflammasome, IL-1β, and IL-18 in the development of allergic diseases. Targeting specific NLRP3 inflammasome and its related inhibitors may hold potential as therapeutic agents for immunologic conjunctivitis. Despite this, there has been no systematic review specifically addressing the treatment of immunologic conjunctivitis related to NLRP3. Therefore, this study aims to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of currently published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on NLRP3-related treatments for immunologic conjunctivitis patients, with the goal of evaluating their efficacy and safety.

Methods: We will conduct a comprehensive search for relevant studies on NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors or NLRP3-related treatments for immunologic conjunctivitis in various databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP, and Wanfang. The search will encompass studies from their respective inception dates to July 2023. A meta-analysis will be performed using data extracted from eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs), focusing on the clinical manifestations of immunologic conjunctivitis, levels of NLRP3-related factors in serum or tear samples, quality of life outcomes, and adverse events. Review Manager 5.4.1 software will be employed for the meta-analysis, and the results will be analyzed using either random-effects or fixed-effects models, depending on the presence of heterogeneity. The reliability and quality of evidence will be evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system.

Results: The findings of this study will yield robust and high-quality evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of NLRP3-related treatments for immunologic conjunctivitis. This evidence will contribute significantly to our understanding of the potential benefits and risks associated with such treatments and will assist healthcare professionals in making informed decisions regarding the management of immunologic conjunctivitis.

Conclusion: This study represents the first comprehensive meta-analysis aiming to evaluate the efficacy and safety of NLRP3-related treatments for immunologic conjunctivitis. The findings from this study will provide valuable evidence to guide clinical management strategies for this disease. The results are anticipated to significantly contribute to the understanding of the therapeutic potential and safety profile of NLRP3-related treatments, offering valuable insights for healthcare professionals involved in the care of patients with immunologic conjunctivitis.

Trial Registration: Systematic review registration: PROSPERO with registration number CRD42023437076.