Precise knowledge of all aspects controlling plant tissue culture and in vitro plant regeneration is crucial for plant biotechnologists and their correlated industry, as there is increasing demand for this scientific knowledge, resulting in more productive and resilient plants in the field. However, the development and application of cell and tissue culture techniques are usually based on empirical studies, although some data-driven models are available. Overall, the success of plant tissue culture is dependent on several factors such as available nutrients, endogenous auxin synthesis, organic compounds, and environment conditions. In this review, the most important aspects are described one by one, with some practical recommendations based on basic research in plant physiology and sharing our practical experience from over 20 years of research in this field. The main aim is to help new plant biotechnologists and increase the impact of the plant tissue culture industry worldwide.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants13020327 | DOI Listing |
Arch Orthop Trauma Surg
December 2024
Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
Purpose: The two-stage exchange revision represents a pivotal strategy in the management of prosthetic joint infections, wherein the judicious timing of reimplantation serves as a crucial determinant for therapeutic success. At present, attempts have been made to utilize predictive models to establish the optimal timing for reimplantation; however, their predictive accuracy remains unsatisfactory. This inadequacy primarily arises from the lack of dependable predictive indicators, which demonstrate inconsistent effectiveness across various studies and occasionally yield contradictory outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiol Open
December 2024
Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph N1G 2W1, Canada.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that are present in all cell types and bodily fluids and are commonly dysregulated in cancer. miRNAs in cancer have been studied by measuring levels in cell lines, tumour tissues, and in circulation; however, no study has specifically investigated miRNA expression in patient-matched samples across all three sample types. Canine osteosarcoma is a well-established spontaneously occurring model of human osteosarcoma for which matched samples are available.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Vis Exp
December 2024
Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine; Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute; Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine;
Human lung tissue is composed of an interconnected network of epithelium, mesenchyme, endothelium, and immune cells from the upper airway of the nasopharynx to the smallest alveolar sac. Interactions between these cells are crucial in lung development and disease, acting as a barrier against harmful chemicals and pathogens. Current in vitro co-culture models utilize immortalized cell lines with different biological backgrounds, which may not accurately represent the cellular milieu or interactions of the lung.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Vis Exp
December 2024
Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Chicago;
Obtaining stable hepatic cells in culture poses a significant challenge for liver studies. Bearing this in mind, an optimized method is depicted utilizing human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) to generate 3D cultures of human hepatic organoids (HHOs). The utilization of HHOs offers a valuable approach to understanding liver development, unraveling liver diseases, conducting high-throughput studies for drug development, and exploring the potential for liver transplantation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGut Microbes
December 2025
Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
The intestinal mucosal barrier is a dynamic system that allows nutrient uptake, stimulates healthy microbe-host interactions, and prevents invasion by pathogens. The mucosa consists of epithelial cells connected by cellular junctions that regulate the passage of nutrients covered by a mucus layer that plays an important role in host-microbiome interactions. Mimicking the intestinal mucosa for assays, particularly the generation of a mucus layer, has proven to be challenging.
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