Objectives This review aimed to investigate the effect of water fluoridation on the dental health of Scottish people by comparing results of starting and discontinuing fluoridation in Scotland.Data sources Data sources were retrieved from electronic databases. The grey literature was also searched. Articles were selected if the population of interest was Scottish. The objective was to evaluate the influence of water fluoridation on dental caries using the dmft/s, DMFT/S (decayed, missing and filled teeth/surfaces) or deft/s indices (decayed, extraction needed, filled teeth/surfaces).Data extraction Name of the authors, publication years, location of the study, sample size, type of study design, age of participants, method of assessing the outcome, data related to the exposure and the outcome, and the overall result of each study were extracted. The data were collected based on the effect of water fluoridation and its cessation on dental caries and the type of dentition.Results Nine studies were included in the review. The findings revealed that the introduction of water fluoridation led to reductions in caries. Moreover, after the cessation of fluoridation, caries levels continued to remain lower in the fluoridated groups. Additionally, fluoridation had the effect of reducing the cost of dental treatment.Conclusion Water fluoridation was effective in improving dental caries among the Scottish child population. New studies are required to provide contemporary evidence for water fluoridation in Scotland.
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