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Nasopharyngeal airway long noncoding RNAs of infants with bronchiolitis and subsequent risk of developing childhood asthma. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Severe bronchiolitis in infants is linked to a higher risk of developing asthma later in childhood, but the biological reasons behind this connection are not yet fully understood.
  • A study analyzed long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in infants hospitalized for severe bronchiolitis to see how they relate to asthma development by age 6.
  • The research identified 190 specific lncRNAs that correlate with asthma development and other related clinical factors, revealing potential biological pathways involved in the progression to asthma.

Article Abstract

Background: Severe bronchiolitis (ie, bronchiolitis requiring hospitalization) during infancy is a major risk factor for developing childhood asthma. However, the biological mechanisms linking these 2 conditions remain unclear.

Objective: We sought to investigate the longitudinal relationship between nasopharyngeal airway long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) in infants with severe bronchiolitis and subsequent asthma development.

Methods: In this multicenter prospective cohort study of infants with severe bronchiolitis, we performed RNA sequencing of nasopharyngeal airway lncRNAs at index hospitalization. First, we identified differentially expressed lncRNAs (DE-lncRNAs) associated with asthma development by age 6 years. Second, we investigated the associations of DE-lncRNAs with asthma-related clinical characteristics. Third, to characterize the function of DE-lncRNAs, we performed pathway analysis for mRNA targeted by DE-lncRNAs. Finally, we examined the associations of DE-lncRNAs with nasal cytokines at index hospitalization.

Results: Among 343 infants with severe bronchiolitis (median age, 3 months), we identified 190 DE-lncRNAs (false-discovery rate [FDR] < 0.05) associated with asthma development (eg, LINC02145, RAMP2-AS1, and PVT1). These DE-lncRNAs were associated with asthma-related clinical characteristics (FDR < 0.05), for example, respiratory syncytial virus or rhinovirus infection, infant eczema, and IgE sensitization. Furthermore, DE-lncRNAs were characterized by asthma-related pathways, including mitogen-activated protein kinase, FcɛR, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-protein kinase B signaling pathways (FDR < 0.05). These DE-lncRNAs were also associated with nasal cytokines (eg, IL-1β, IL-4, and IL-13; FDR < 0.05).

Conclusions: In a multicenter cohort study of infants with severe bronchiolitis, we identified nasopharyngeal airway lncRNAs associated with childhood asthma development, characterized by asthma-related clinical characteristics, asthma-related pathways, and nasal cytokines. Our approach identifies lncRNAs underlying the bronchiolitis-asthma link and facilitates the early identification of infants at high risk of subsequent asthma development.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11162336PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2024.01.010DOI Listing

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