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Pregnancy intentions and outcomes among young married women in Nepal.
AJOG Glob Rep
November 2024
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA (Lansdale and Diamond-Smith).
Background: Approximately 44% of Nepalese women ages 15-49, desiring to avoid pregnancy, do not use modern contraceptives, resulting in an estimated 539,000 unintended pregnancies annually.
Objectives: This study aims to investigate the association between young, newly married women's pregnancy intentions and subsequent pregnancies.
Study Design: Data were collected longitudinally from 200 recently married women ages 18-25 in Nepal.
"…but I know something's not right here": Exploring the diagnosis and disclosure experiences of persons living with ALS.
PLoS One
December 2024
School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada.
Background: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), an incurable motor neuron disease, primarily affects those between the ages of 60-79, and has an approximate post-diagnosis life-expectancy of only two to five years. The condition has an unpredictable but ultimately terminal trajectory that poses challenges for patients, caregivers and healthcare providers. While the diagnosis and disclosure are critical periods for intervention and support, knowledge regarding the relational, communicational and psychodynamic forces that occur within the process of diagnostic disclosure is relatively limited.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSex differences in the human brain related to visual motion perception.
Biol Sex Differ
November 2024
Department of Neurosurgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310029, China.
Article Synopsis
- - Previous research indicates that males can perceive visual motion direction more quickly than females, prompting an investigation into whether the middle temporal visual complex (MT+) is responsible for these differences in perception duration.
- - Using ultra-high field MRI, the study involved 95 participants to assess sex-related variations in brain structure and activity in the MT+ region, revealing that males have larger gray matter volume and enhanced spontaneous activity in the left MT+.
- - The results highlight significant sex differences in brain structure and function, specifically in the MT+ area, which are associated with motion perception abilities, suggesting that these neural characteristics may contribute to the different temporal thresholds for motion discrimination between genders.
Adverse childhood experiences and left hippocampal volumetric reductions: A structural magnetic resonance imaging study.
J Psychiatr Res
December 2024
Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, U1219, CHU Bordeaux, F-33000, Bordeaux, France. Electronic address:
Background: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been associated with volume alterations of stress-related brain structures among aging and clinical populations, however, existing studies have predominantly assessed only one type of ACE, with small sample sizes, and it is less clear if these associations exist among a general population of young adults.
Objective: The aims were to describe structural hippocampal volumetric differences by ACEs exposure and investigate the association between ACEs exposure and left and right hippocampal volume in a student sample of young adults.
Methods: 959 young adult students (18-24 years old) completed an online questionnaire on ACEs, mental health conditions, and sociodemographic characteristics.
Background: Early speech experiences have been proposed to contribute to the development of brain structures involved in processing spoken language. However, previous research has been limited to correlational studies. Here, we conducted an RCT with preterm neonates to determine whether increased exposure to maternal speech during NICU hospitalization is causally linked to structural white matter maturation.
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