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Recent advances in embryology have shown that the sister blastomeres of 2-cell mouse and human embryos differ reciprocally in potency. An open question is whether the blastomeres became different as opposed to originating as different. Here we wanted to test two conflicting models: one proposing that each blastomere contains both animal and vegetal materials in balanced proportions because the plane of first cleavage runs close to the animal-vegetal axis of the fertilized oocyte; and the other model proposing that each blastomere contains variable proportions of animal and vegetal materials because the plane of the first cleavage can vary depending on the topology of fertilization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Chronic pain remains mostly untreated in those with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD), mainly due to limited capacity to verbalize pain. Development of reliable objective biomarkers of chronic pain could improve pain assessment and treatment. We explored feasibility and acceptability of using a wearable electroencephalograph (EEG) and a screen-based eye tracker system to identify neural signatures of chronic pain in this population.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) frequently co-occurs with Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathologies, exacerbating disease progression. Biophysical models of diffusion imaging data, such as Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging (NODDI), may reveal novel insights into the neurobiological substrates of AD on cortical and white matter microstructural injury.
Method: A cohort of 57 DLB patients on the DLB spectrum (33 clinically probable DLB and 14 prodromal DLB) and 57 cognitively unimpaired (CU) controls underwent NODDI and PET imaging with [F]-Flortaucipir and [C]-PiB (Table 1).
Biomarkers.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
Background: Plasma neurofilament light (NfL) has emerged as a promising biomarker to track neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other brain degenerative disorders. We sought to characterize brain structures and white matter lesions associated with plasma NfL among dementia-free older adults, while taking into account demographic factors and genetic susceptibility (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStrength of low-frequency EEG phase entrainment to external stimuli is associated with fluctuations in the brain's internal state.
eNeuro
January 2025
Cognitive Psychology Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, Leiden University, Wassenaarseweg 52 2333 AK, Leiden, Netherlands.
The brain attends to environmental rhythms by aligning the phase of internal oscillations. However, the factors underlying fluctuations in the strength of this phase entrainment remain largely unknown. In the present study we examined whether the strength of low-frequency EEG phase entrainment to rhythmic stimulus sequences varied with pupil size and posterior alpha-band power, thought to reflect arousal level and excitability of posterior cortical brain areas, respectively.
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