AI Article Synopsis
- The interaction between IZUMO1 on sperm and JUNO on oocytes is essential for gamete fusion.
- Ectopic expression of IZUMO1 can induce fusion between sperm and fibroblasts or epithelial cells that express JUNO, leading to the formation of syncytia, similar to the process seen in some animal viruses.
- This sperm-induced fusion depends on having the correct JUNO type, can be inhibited by an IZUMO1 antibody, and provides a quick method for assessing sperm functionality in male infertility diagnosis.
Article Abstract
The fusion of mammalian gametes requires the interaction between IZUMO1 on the sperm and JUNO on the oocyte. We have recently shown that ectopic expression of mouse IZUMO1 induces cell-cell fusion and that sperm can fuse to fibroblasts expressing JUNO. Here, we found that the incubation of mouse sperm with hamster fibroblasts or human epithelial cells in culture induces the fusion between these somatic cells and the formation of syncytia, a pattern previously observed with some animal viruses. This sperm-induced cell-cell fusion requires a species-matching JUNO on both fusing cells, can be blocked by an antibody against IZUMO1, and does not rely on the synthesis of new proteins. The fusion is dependent on the sperm's fusogenic capacity, making this a reliable, fast, and simple method for predicting sperm function during the diagnosis of male infertility.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10883674 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.94228 | DOI Listing |
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