-mediated regulation of exhausted CD8 T-cell responses and potential implications for chimeric antigen receptor-T therapy.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy for malignant tumors has reached a crucial stage, with recent studies underscoring the role of T-cell exhaustion in determining the efficacy of CAR-T therapy. This trailblazing discovery has opened new avenues to augment the potency of CAR-T therapy. Basic leucine zipper ATF-like transcription factor () is indispensable in alleviating T-cell exhaustion and is pivotal in the early stages of CD8 T-cell differentiation. In cooperation with other transcription factors, it plays a key role in the differentiation and maturation processes of exhausted T cells. A deeper comprehension of 's mechanisms in T-cell biology may yield novel insights into amplifying the efficacy of CAR-T therapy.