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Modulating cytokine microenvironment during T cell activation induces protective RSV-specific lung resident memory T cells in early life in mice.
Npj Viruses
December 2024
Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ UK.
Maternal immunisation against respiratory viruses provides protection in early life, but as antibodies wane, there can be a gap in coverage. This immunity gap might be filled by inducing pathogen-specific lung tissue-resident T cells (TRM). However, the neonatal mouse lung has a different inflammatory environment to the adult lung which affects T cell recruitment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssociation of TNF-α genetic variants with neonatal bronchopulmonary dysplasia: consolidated results.
Front Pediatr
December 2024
Mother and Newborn Health Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Objectives: Inflammation is increasingly recognized as a key factor in the pathophysiology of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). While previous research has established significant links between TNF-α polymorphisms and BPD susceptibility, further validation of these associations is needed. This study aims to examine the relationship between TNF-α polymorphisms and the risk of BPD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMechanistic modelling of allergen-induced airways disease in early life.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
Asthma affects approximately 300 million individuals worldwide and the onset predominantly arises in childhood. Children are exposed to multiple environmental irritants, such as viruses and allergens, that are common triggers for asthma onset, whilst their immune systems are developing in early life. Understanding the impact of allergen exposures on the developing immune system and resulting alterations in lung function in early life will help prevent the onset and progression of allergic asthma in children.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTargeting pleuro-alveolar junctions reverses lung fibrosis in mice.
Nat Commun
January 2025
Institute of Regenerative Biology and Medicine, Chinese Institutes for Medical Research, Beijing, China.
Lung fibrosis development utilizes alveolar macrophages, with mechanisms that are incompletely understood. Here, we fate map connective tissue during mouse lung fibrosis and observe disassembly and transfer of connective tissue macromolecules from pleuro-alveolar junctions (PAJs) into deep lung tissue, to activate fibroblasts and fibrosis. Disassembly and transfer of PAJ macromolecules into deep lung tissue occurs by alveolar macrophages, activating cysteine-type proteolysis on pleural mesothelium.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpondylo-Thoracic Dysplasia: Survival, a Rare Occurrence.
Cureus
December 2024
Pediatric Medicine, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, IND.
Spondylo-thoracic dysplasia (STD) is a set of rare congenital abnormalities involving the vertebrae and thorax, leading to significant morbidity and mortality due to respiratory insufficiency and associated anomalies. Clinically, neonates present with scoliosis, vertebral segmentation defects, and severe respiratory compromise, resulting in early neonatal death. These children have a unique patho-anatomy of volume depletion deformity of the thorax, resulting in thoracic insufficiency.
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