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The operation of photonic devices often relies on modulation of their refractive index. While the sub-bandgap index change through bound-electron optical nonlinearity offers a faster response than utilizing free carriers with an overbandgap pump, optical switching often suffers from inefficiency. Here, we use a recently observed metasurface based on mirror-induced optical bound states in the continuum, to enable superior modulation characteristics. We achieve a pulsewidth-limited switching time of 100 fs, reflectance change of 22%, remarkably low energy consumption of 255 μJ/cm, and an enhancement of modulation contrast by a factor of 440 compared to unpatterned silicon. Additionally, the narrow photonic resonance facilitates the detection of the dispersive nondegenerate two-photon nonlinearity, allowing tunable pump and probe excitation. These findings are explained by a two-band theoretical model for the dispersive nonlinear index. The demonstrated efficient and rapid switching holds immense potential for applications, including quantum photonics, sensing, and metrology.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10853962 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04431 | DOI Listing |
ACS Nano
December 2024
Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.
Collective excitations of bound electron-hole pairs, i.e., excitons, are ubiquitous in condensed matter systems, and it has been shown that they can strongly couple to other degrees of freedom, such as spin, orbital, and lattice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
October 2024
Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Excited State Energy Conversion and Storage, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
2D perovskites hold immense promise in optoelectronics due to their strongly bound electron-hole pairs (i.e., excitons).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
September 2024
Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Photon absorption is the first process in light harvesting. Upon absorption, the photon redistributes electrons in the materials to create a Coulombically bound electron-hole pair called an exciton. The exciton subsequently separates into free charges to conclude light harvesting.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Phys Condens Matter
June 2024
Institut für Physik, Fachbereich Mathematik/Informatik/Physik, Universität Osnabrück, Barbarastraße 7, D-49076 Osnabrück, Germany.
The absorption features of optically generated, short-lived small bound electron polarons are inspected in congruent lithium tantalate, LiTaO(LT), in order to address the question whether it is possible to localize electrons at interstitial TaV:VLidefect pairs by strong, short-range electron-phonon coupling. Solid-state photoabsorption spectroscopy under light exposure and density functional theory are used for an experimental and theoretical access to the spectral features of small bound polaron states and to calculate the binding energies of the small bound TaLi4+(antisite) and TaV4+:VLi(interstitial site) electron polarons. As a result, two energetically well separated (ΔE≈0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Adv
March 2024
NTT Research, Inc. Physics & Informatics Laboratories, 940 Stewart Dr, Sunnyvale, CA 94085, USA.
Excitons-bound electron-hole pairs-play a central role in light-matter interaction phenomena and are crucial for wide-ranging applications from light harvesting and generation to quantum information processing. A long-standing challenge in solid-state optics has been to achieve precise and scalable control over excitonic motion. We present a technique using nanostructured gate electrodes to create tailored potential landscapes for excitons in 2D semiconductors, enabling in situ wave function shaping at the nanoscale.
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