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Distribution and role of peripheral arterial chemoreceptors in cardio-respiratory control of the south american rattlesnake (Crotalus durissus).
J Exp Biol
January 2025
Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada.
Peripheral arterial chemoreceptors monitor the levels of arterial blood gases and adjust ventilation and perfusion to meet metabolic demands. These chemoreceptors are present in all vertebrates studied to date but have not been described fully in reptiles other than turtles. The goals of this study were to 1) identify functional chemosensory areas in the South American rattlesnake (Crotalus durissus) 2) determine the neurochemical content of putative chemosensory cells in these areas and 3) determine the role each area plays in ventilatory and cardiovascular control.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEndothelial cells under disturbed flow release extracellular vesicles to promote inflammatory polarization of macrophages and accelerate atherosclerosis.
BMC Biol
January 2025
Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
Background: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from endothelial cells (ECs) are increasingly recognized for their role in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. ECs experience varying degrees and types of blood flow depending on their specific arterial locations. In regions of disturbed flow, which are predominant sites for atherosclerotic plaque formation, the impact of disturbed flow on the secretion and function of ECs-derived EVs remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuromuscular Electrostimulation Increases Microcirculatory Flux in Mixed Etiology Leg Ulcers.
Adv Skin Wound Care
January 2025
Keith Gordon Harding, Mb ChB, CBE, FRCGP, FRCP, FRCS, FLSW, is Professor Emeritus Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales; Adjunct Professor Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia; and Co-Founder and Editor in Chief of the International Wound Journal. Melissa Blow, BSc, is Principal Podiatrist, South East Wales Vascular Network, Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, Cardiff, Wales. Faye Ashton, BSc, is Vascular Research Nurse, Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield University Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom. David Bosanquet, MD, is Consultant Vascular Surgeon, South East Wales Vascular Network, Aneurin Bevan University Health Board. Acknowledgments: The authors acknowledge the assistance of Firstkind Ltd, Hawk House, Peregrine Business Park, Gomm Road, High Wycombe, United Kingdom HP13 7DL for sponsoring the study (grant ref: FSK-SPECKLE-001) and provided the NMES devices for the trial. Keith Harding has received payments for consulting work from Firstkind Ltd. The authors have disclosed no other financial relationships related to this article. Submitted November 28, 2023; accepted in revised form April 17, 2024.
Objective: To determine if intermittent neuromuscular electrostimulation (NMES) of the common peroneal nerve increases microvascular flow and pulsatility in and around the wound bed of patients with combined venous and arterial etiology.
Methods: Seven consenting participants presenting with mixed etiology leg ulcers participated in this study. Microvascular flow and pulsatility was measured in the wound bed and in the skin surrounding the wound using laser speckle contrast imaging.
Post-exercise neural plasticity is augmented by adding blood flow restriction during low work rate arm cycling.
Exp Physiol
January 2025
Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia.
Blood flow restriction (BFR) combined with low work rate exercise can enhance muscular and cardiovascular fitness. However, whether neural mechanisms mediate these enhancements remains unknown. This study examined changes in corticospinal excitability and motor cortical inhibition following arm cycle ergometry with and without BFR.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA wireless optogenetic setup in freely moving mice for evaluation of cortical spreading depolarization in a chronic disease model.
J Neurosci Methods
January 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, Carl-von-Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany; Research Center Neurosensory Science, Carl-von-Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Germany. Electronic address:
Background: Spreading depolarization (SD) is an electrophysiological phenomenon of massive neuronal depolarization that occurs in a multitude of brain injuries. Clinical studies and experimental data have linked the occurrence of SDs with secondary brain damage. However, there is a translational gap because of methodological limitations between clinical and experimental approaches focusing on short-term effects.
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