AI Article Synopsis
- SARS-CoV-2 has a high mutation rate, leading to new variants that challenge vaccine-induced immunity, particularly affecting the ability to neutralize these variants in vaccinated individuals and those who recovered from infection.
- The study analyzed four patient groups: those vaccinated with the Gam-COVID-Vac booster, twice-infected unvaccinated individuals, breakthrough infections after vaccination, and vaccinated convalescents, focusing on their neutralizing antibody responses.
- Results showed that individuals with hybrid immunity (from either breakthrough infections or vaccination after recovery) had significantly higher levels of virus-binding IgG and greater neutralizing activity against various SARS-CoV-2 variants compared to those with only vaccinations or infections, highlighting the protective advantage of hybrid immunity.
Article Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 has a relatively high mutation rate, with the frequent emergence of new variants of concern (VOCs). Each subsequent variant is more difficult to neutralize by the sera of vaccinated individuals and convalescents. Some decrease in neutralizing activity against new SARS-CoV-2 variants has also been observed in patients vaccinated with Gam-COVID-Vac. In the present study, we analyzed the interplay between the history of a patient's repeated exposure to SARS-CoV-2 antigens and the breadth of neutralization activity. Our study includes four cohorts of patients: Gam-COVID-Vac booster vaccinated individuals (revaccinated, RV), twice-infected unvaccinated individuals (reinfected, RI), breakthrough infected (BI), and vaccinated convalescents (VC). We assessed S-protein-specific antibody levels and the ability of sera to neutralize lentiviral particles pseudotyped with Spike protein from the original Wuhan variant, as well as the Omicron variants BA.1 and BA.4/5. Individuals with hybrid immunity (BI and VC cohorts) exhibited significantly higher levels of virus-binding IgG and enhanced breadth of virus-neutralizing activity compared to individuals from either the revaccination or reinfection (RV and RI) cohorts. These findings suggest that a combination of infection and vaccination, regardless of the sequence, results in significantly higher levels of S-protein-specific IgG antibodies and the enhanced neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 variants, thereby underscoring the importance of hybrid immunity in the context of emerging viral variants.
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|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10818410 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12010055 | DOI Listing |
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