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http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12886-024-03288-x | DOI Listing |
Environ Monit Assess
January 2025
School of Geography, Archaeology and Environmental Studies, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2000, South Africa.
The grassland ecosystem forms a critical part of the natural ecosystem, covering up to 15-26% of the Earth's land surface. Grassland significantly impacts the carbon cycle and climate regulation by storing carbon dioxide. The organic matter found in grassland biomass, which acts as a carbon source, greatly expands the carbon stock in terrestrial ecosystems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHum Brain Mapp
January 2025
Amsterdam UMC, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Accurately predicting individual antidepressant treatment response could expedite the lengthy trial-and-error process of finding an effective treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD). We tested and compared machine learning-based methods that predict individual-level pharmacotherapeutic treatment response using cortical morphometry from multisite longitudinal cohorts. We conducted an international analysis of pooled data from six sites of the ENIGMA-MDD consortium (n = 262 MDD patients; age = 36.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNPJ Digit Med
January 2025
Joint Shantou International Eye Center, Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China.
Label noise is a common and important issue that would affect the model's performance in artificial intelligence. This study assessed the effectiveness and potential risks of automated label cleaning using an open-source framework, Cleanlab, in multi-category datasets of fundus photography and optical coherence tomography, with intentionally introduced label noise ranging from 0 to 70%. After six cycles of automatic cleaning, significant improvements are achieved in label accuracies (3.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBr J Ophthalmol
January 2025
Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
Purpose: To quantitatively explore preretinal abnormal tissue (PAT) in macula-on rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) before and after surgery.
Methods: In this case-series study, PAT was detected by en-face optical coherence tomography images with custom slabs in eyes that underwent pars plana vitrectomy and SF6 for macula-on RRD.Main outcome measures were PAT area at baseline, 3-month and 6-month follow-up, and its relative change.
J Med Internet Res
December 2024
Guangzhou Cadre and Talent Health Management Center, Guangzhou, China.
Background: Large language models have shown remarkable efficacy in various medical research and clinical applications. However, their skills in medical image recognition and subsequent report generation or question answering (QA) remain limited.
Objective: We aim to finetune a multimodal, transformer-based model for generating medical reports from slit lamp images and develop a QA system using Llama2.
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